πέλεκυς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Compare Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, axe) and Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, axe). This word often considered a Wanderwort, with similarity to Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, wooden handle; spindle, harp), itself from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, to split apart) and πέλεκκον (pélekkon, axe handle). This has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European terms are ultimately borrowed through the Akkadian or a Semitic source. Furnée points to βέλεκκος (bélekkos, kind of pulse), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

πέλεκῠς • (pélekus) m (genitive πελέκεως); third declension

  1. two-edged axe for felling trees
  2. battle axe, executioner's axe

Inflection

Derived terms

  • ἑξαπέλεκυς (hexapélekus)
  • πελεκάω (pelekáō)
  • πελέκημα (pelékēma)
  • πελέκησις (pelékēsis)
  • πελεκητής (pelekētḗs)
  • πελεκητός (pelekētós)
  • πελεκητρίς (pelekētrís)
  • πελεκήτωρ (pelekḗtōr)
  • πελεκίζω (pelekízō)
  • πελεκῖνος (pelekînos)
  • πελέκιον (pelékion)
  • πελεκισμός (pelekismós)
  • πελεκοφόρος (pelekophóros)
  • πελεκυνάριον (pelekunárion)
  • πελεκῑνοειδής (pelekīnoeidḗs)
  • σφυροπέλεκυς (sphuropélekus)

Descendants

  • Greek: πέλεκυς (pélekys)

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πέλεκυς (pélekus), cognate with Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, axe), which would reflect Proto-Indo-European *peleḱús if reconstructed back to PIE.[1] Beekes suggested a Pre-Greek origin.[2] Compare also German Beil (axe) as well as Hungarian and Turkish balta, both meaning "axe."

Noun

πέλεκυς • (pélekys) m (plural πελέκεις)

  1. battle axe, double-headed axe

Declension

References

  1. J. P. Mallory, D. Q. Adams, The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European (2006, →ISBN): "We find cognates in Grk pélekus, Oss færæt, and Skt paraśú, and the proto-form is often compared with Semitic forms, e.g. Akkadian pilakku which some translate as 'axe' but others translate as 'spindle', which is semantically very distant."
  2. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πέλεκυς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 1166-1167

Further reading

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