परशु
See also: पर्शु
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *paraśúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *paraćúš. Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλεκυς (pélekus, “axe”),[1][2] and hence apparently reconstructible back to Proto-Indo-European[1][2] as *peleḱús (“axe”). The word is often considered a Wanderwort,[1] and the similarity of Akkadian 𒁄 (pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”) (from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”)) has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European word is a borrowing of the Akkadian word.[1][2]
Declension
| Masculine u-stem declension of परशु (paraśú) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | परशुः paraśúḥ |
परशू paraśū́ |
परशवः paraśávaḥ |
| Vocative | परशो páraśo |
परशू páraśū |
परशवः páraśavaḥ |
| Accusative | परशुम् paraśúm |
परशू paraśū́ |
परशून् paraśū́n |
| Instrumental | परशुना / परश्वा¹ paraśúnā / paraśvā́¹ |
परशुभ्याम् paraśúbhyām |
परशुभिः paraśúbhiḥ |
| Dative | परशवे / परश्वे¹ paraśáve / paraśvé¹ |
परशुभ्याम् paraśúbhyām |
परशुभ्यः paraśúbhyaḥ |
| Ablative | परशोः / परश्वः¹ paraśóḥ / paraśváḥ¹ |
परशुभ्याम् paraśúbhyām |
परशुभ्यः paraśúbhyaḥ |
| Genitive | परशोः / परश्वः¹ paraśóḥ / paraśváḥ¹ |
परश्वोः paraśvóḥ |
परशूनाम् paraśūnā́m |
| Locative | परशौ paraśaú |
परश्वोः paraśvóḥ |
परशुषु paraśúṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Punjabi:
- Shahmukhi script: پھَرسا (pharsā)
- Gurmukhi script: ਫਰਸਾ (pharsā)
- → Tamil: பரசு (paracu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “परशु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 589/2.
- J. P. Mallory, D. Q. Adams, The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European (2006, →ISBN): "We find cognates in Grk pélekus, Oss færæt, and Skt paraśú, and the proto-form is often compared with Semitic forms, e.g. Akkadian pilakku which some translate as 'axe' but others translate as 'spindle', which is semantically very distant."
- Martin Bernal, Black Athena: The linguistic evidence
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