< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vidъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wéiˀdas (“appearance”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéyd-o-s, from *weyd- (“to know, see”). Cognate with Lithuanian véidas (“face”), Latvian veĩds (“form, shape”), and Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos, “form, shape, appearance, look”). Further akin to Sanskrit वेद m (véda, “knowledge, perception”), वेदस् (védas), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬵 (vaēδah), Old Irish fíad, Welsh gŵydd.

Noun

*vȋdъ m[1][2]

  1. appearance
    *na vidъ ― in appearance/form, on the surface, seemingly
  2. aspect, facet
  3. view, scenery (something seen)
    Synonym: *ględъka
  4. sight, vision (capacity to see)
    Synonym: *zьrěnьje

Declension
Declension of *vȋdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *vȋdъ *vȋda *vȋdi
genitive *vȋda *vidù *vĩdъ
dative *vȋdu *vidomà *vidòmъ
accusative *vȋdъ *vȋda *vȋdy
instrumental *vȋdъmь, *vȋdomь* *vidomà *vidý
locative *vȋdě *vidù *vidě̃xъ
vocative *vide *vȋda *vȋdi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms
  • *viďati (“to see, to perceive”)
  • *vidovati (“to take a look”)
  • *vidьcь (“witness”)
  • *vidovъ (“aspectual”)
  • *vidьnъ (“notable, eminent”)
  • *viděti (“to see”)
    • *vidimъ (“visible”)
    • *vidědlo (“light, luminary”)
  • *vidomъ (“visible”)
  • *vistь (“sight, look”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: видъ (vidŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: видъ (vidŭ)
      Glagolitic script: ⰲⰹⰴⱏ (vidŭ)
    • Bulgarian: вид (vid)
    • Macedonian: вид (vid)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ви̑д
      Latin script: vȋd
    • Slovene: vȋd (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: vid
    • Polish: wid (obsolete)
    • Slovak: vid

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вид”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “видеть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 149
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вид”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 143
  • Snoj, Marko (2016) “vid”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vȋdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 521: “m. o (c) ‘sight, view, appearance’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “vidъ vidu”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 137; PR 137; RPT 102)”
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