< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tesati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *téśtei, from Proto-Indo-European *tetḱ- (“to hew”), perhaps from a reduplication of *teḱ- (“to strike”) (compare Ancient Greek κτείνω (kteínō, “to slay”)).

Verb

*tesàti impf[1][2][3]

  1. to hew, to hack
  2. (via specialization) to patch, to trim (with tool)

Conjugation
Conjugation of *tesati, *tesa, *tešetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*tesanьje *tesati *tesatъ *tesalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *tesanъ *tešemъ
Active *tesavъ *tešę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *tesaxъ*tesa*tesa *tešǫ*tešeši*tešetь
Dual *tesaxově*tesasta*tesaste *teševě*tešeta*tešete
Plural *tesaxomъ*tesaste*tesašę *tešemъ*tešete*tešǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *tesaaxъ*tesaaše*tesaaše —*teši*teši
Dual *tesaaxově*tesaašeta*tesaašete *tešivě*tešita—
Plural *tesaaxomъ*tesaašete*tesaaxǫ *tešimъ*tešite—

Later in some descendants:

Conjugation of *tesati, *tesa, *tesajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*tesanьje *tesati *tesatъ *tesalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *tesanъ *tesajemъ
Active *tesavъ *tesaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *tesaxъ*tesa*tesa *tesajǫ*tesaješi*tesajetь
Dual *tesaxově*tesasta*tesaste *tesajevě*tesajeta*tesajete
Plural *tesaxomъ*tesaste*tesašę *tesajemъ*tesajete*tesajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *tesaaxъ*tesaaše*tesaaše —*tesaji*tesaji
Dual *tesaaxově*tesaašeta*tesaašete *tesajivě*tesajita—
Plural *tesaaxomъ*tesaašete*tesaaxǫ *tesajimъ*tesajite—

Derived terms
  • *tesъ (“timber”)
  • *tesařь (“carpenter”)
  • *tesadlo, *tesakъ (“hacking tool (cleaver, hatchet, adze)”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: тесати (tesati)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: tesat
    • Polish: ciosać
      • → Belarusian: часа́ць (časácʹ)
    • Slovak: tesať
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: ćesać

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тес”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тёс”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 240

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tesàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 491
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “tesati: tesjǫ tesjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b glatte, tilhugge (SA 210; PR 136)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “tesati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tesa̋ti”
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