< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tetḱ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Reanalyzed reduplication from *teḱ- (“to sire, beget”).

Reconstruction

Before the modern deciphering of thorn clusters, this root was formerly represented as *tekþ-, *teḱþ-.[1] This analysis has now been abandoned.

Root

*tetḱ- (imperfective)[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

  1. to create, produce
  2. to cut, hew

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tetḱ-‎ (13 c, 0 e)
  • *tḗtḱ-ti ~ *tétḱ-n̥ti (Narten imperfective)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *téśtei
      • Latvian: test
      • Proto-Slavic: *tesàti (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tā́ćšti, *táćšati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tā́ṭṣṭi, *táṭṣati
      • Proto-Iranian: *tā́šti, *tášati
        • Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬙𐬁𐬱𐬙𐬌 (auui tāšti), 𐬙𐬁𐬱𐬙 (tāšt)
        • Old Persian: 𐏃𐎫𐎧𐏁𐎫𐎡𐎹 (h-t-x-š-t-i-y /⁠haᵐtaxšataiy⁠/)
      • Proto-Nuristani: *táscati
        • Northern Nuristani:
          • Kamkata-viri:
            Kamviri: taćë́-
            Kativiri: sëćé-
        • Southern Nuristani:
          • Ashkun: tō̃́ćie-
    • Proto-Italic: *teksō (perhaps) (or from *teḱ-s-e-ti)
      • Latin: texō (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Tocharian:
      • Tocharian B: tāks-
  • *totḱ-éye-ti (causative)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: tašýti
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *taćšáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *taṭṣáyati
        • Sanskrit: तक्षयति (takṣáyati)
  • *tétḱ-ō ~ *tḱ-nés (“carpenter”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *tetḱ-(dʰ)lo- (“adze”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *tesla, *teslò (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Celtic: *tāxslos
      • Primitive Irish: ᚈᚐᚂᚐᚌᚅᚔ (talagni) (perhaps)
    • Proto-Germanic: *þehslō (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic:
  • *tetḱ-eh₂
    • Proto-Germanic: *þehsō
      • Old English: þeox
      • Old High German: dehsa
        • Middle High German: dehse
          • German: Dechse
  • *tetḱ-sneh₂
  • *tₔtḱ-tós
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *taćšṭás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *taṭṣṭás
        • Sanskrit: तष्ट (taṣṭá)
      • Proto-Iranian: *taštáh
        • Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (tašta)
        • Middle Persian: tšt' (tašt), [script needed] (tʾšytk /⁠tāšīdag⁠/) (see there for further descendants)
        • Parthian: [script needed] (tʾst /⁠tāst⁠/), [script needed] (tʾstg /⁠tāstag⁠/)
          • → Persian: طاس (tâs) (see there for further descendants)
        • → Old Armenian: տաշեմ (tašem)
    • Proto-Italic:
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Albanian: *tēkslā[11]
      • Proto-Albanian: *tāslā
    • Proto-Albanian: *taksjā[12]

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “tek̑þ-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1058-1059
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*tetk̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 638-639
  3. Derksen, Rick (2015) “tašyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
  4. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tesàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 491
  5. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tesla; teslò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 491
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τέκτων”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1460
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “texō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 619
  8. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*taš”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 384-385
  9. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “tāks-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN
  10. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*tāxslo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 374-375
  11. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “tollë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
  12. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “teshë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 453
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