< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrzati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- Per Derksen, possibly cognate with Latin tergō (“to wipe”), with semantic distortion by influence of *dьrgati (“to tear”).
- Per Vasmer, connected with Sanskrit स्तृहति (stṛháti, “to crush”), तृणेढि (tṛṇéḍhi, “shattered, broken”), perfect ततर्ह (tatarha), perf. pass. part. तृढ (tṛḍhá). Doubtfully connected with Latin trahō (“to drag”), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌺𐍉 (þairkō, “hole”).
- Per Chernykh, from Proto-Indo-European *terǵʰ-, extended version of *ter- (“to rub”), cognate with Proto-Slavic *terti, Latin terō.
Inflection
Conjugation of *tьrzati, *tьrza, *tьržetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tьrzanьje | *tьrzati | *tьrzatъ | *tьrzalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tьrzanъ | *tьržemъ |
| Active | *tьrzavъ | *tьržę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tьrzaxъ | *tьrza | *tьrza | *tьržǫ | *tьržeši | *tьržetь |
| Dual | *tьrzaxově | *tьrzasta | *tьrzaste | *tьrževě | *tьržeta | *tьržete |
| Plural | *tьrzaxomъ | *tьrzaste | *tьrzašę | *tьržemъ | *tьržete | *tьržǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tьrzaaxъ | *tьrzaaše | *tьrzaaše | — | *tьrži | *tьrži |
| Dual | *tьrzaaxově | *tьrzaašeta | *tьrzaašete | *tьrživě | *tьržita | — |
| Plural | *tьrzaaxomъ | *tьrzaašete | *tьrzaaxǫ | *tьržimъ | *tьržite | — |
Conjugation of *tьrzati, *tьrza, *tьrzajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tьrzanьje | *tьrzati | *tьrzatъ | *tьrzalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tьrzanъ | *tьrzajemъ |
| Active | *tьrzavъ | *tьrzaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tьrzaxъ | *tьrza | *tьrza | *tьrzajǫ | *tьrzaješi | *tьrzajetь |
| Dual | *tьrzaxově | *tьrzasta | *tьrzaste | *tьrzajevě | *tьrzajeta | *tьrzajete |
| Plural | *tьrzaxomъ | *tьrzaste | *tьrzašę | *tьrzajemъ | *tьrzajete | *tьrzajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tьrzaaxъ | *tьrzaaše | *tьrzaaše | — | *tьrzaji | *tьrzaji |
| Dual | *tьrzaaxově | *tьrzaašeta | *tьrzaašete | *tьrzajivě | *tьrzajita | — |
| Plural | *tьrzaaxomъ | *tьrzaašete | *tьrzaaxǫ | *tьrzajimъ | *tьrzajite | — |
Related terms
- *tъrgati (“to tear”)
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: истръзати (istrŭzati) (Serbian)
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: трьзати (trĭzati, “to tear, to pull”), 1sg. трѣжѫ (trěžǫ), трьзаѭ (trĭzajǫ)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: тъ́рзам (tǎ́rzam) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: tŕzati (“to tear, to pluck”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. tȓzam (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic: —
References
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “терза́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 238
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tьrzati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 505
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “терза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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