Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sikati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

By surface analysis, *sik- +‎ *-ati. See *sьcati (“to piss”). Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *seikā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ-éh₂-ti, from *seykʷ-.

Roots *sьk- : *sěk- : *sik-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sik- : *saik- : *seik-, from Proto-Indo-European *sikʷ- : *soykʷ- : *seykʷ- (“to moisten”).

Verb

*sikati impf[1][2][3]

to piss, urinate
beat with a stream; to splash

Inflection

Conjugation of *sikati, *sika, *sikajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sikanьje	*sikati	*sikatъ	*sikalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sikanъ	*sikajemъ
Active	*sikavъ	*sikaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sikaxъ	*sika	*sika	*sikajǫ	*sikaješi	*sikajetь
Dual	*sikaxově	*sikasta	*sikaste	*sikajevě	*sikajeta	*sikajete
Plural	*sikaxomъ	*sikaste	*sikašę	*sikajemъ	*sikajete	*sikajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sikaaxъ	*sikaaše	*sikaaše	—	*sikaji	*sikaji
Dual	*sikaaxově	*sikaašeta	*sikaašete	*sikajivě	*sikajita	—
Plural	*sikaaxomъ	*sikaašete	*sikaaxǫ	*sikajimъ	*sikajite	—

Related terms

Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seykʷ-‎ (0 c, 10 e)

*sikъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *сикати (*sikati)
  - Old Ruthenian: *си́кати (*síkati)
    - Belarusian: сі́каць (síkacʹ), сі́кацца (síkacca)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: си́кати (sýkaty)
    - Ukrainian: си́кати (sýkaty)
  - Russian: си́кать (síkatʹ)
West Slavic:
- Czech: sikać, sykať, šykač (dialectal)
- Polish: sikać
- Slovak: sykať, sikać, cikať
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: sykaś
  - Upper Sorbian: sykać

Etymology 2

Of onomatopoeic origin. Related to *sykati.

Verb

*sikati impf[2][3]

(intransitive) to fizz, to sizzle
(transitive, intransitive) to spout
Synonyms: *strikati, *tryskati

Descendants

South Slavic
- Bulgarian: си́кам (síkam)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: си́кати
  
  Latin script: síkati
- ⇒ Slovene: síkniti (tonal orthography)

References

Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сик”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 228: “псл. sikati ― psl. sikati”
Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2008), “сі́каць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 12 (свабо́да – стэ́сам), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 78: “прасл. *sikati”
Vasmer, Max (1972) “си́кать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 630: “*sikati”

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[1] Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сик”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 228: “псл. sikati ― psl. sikati”

[ESBM-2] Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2008), “сі́каць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 12 (свабо́да – стэ́сам), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 78: “прасл. *sikati”

[Vasmer-3] Vasmer, Max (1972) “си́кать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 630: “*sikati”