< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ryti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rūˀ-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ráuti (“to tear out, to pull”), Latvian raût (“to tear, to pull, to take”), Lithuanian ravė́ti (“to weed”), 1sg. raviù, Latvian ravêt (“to weed”). Further connections:

  • Vasmer: Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit रवति (rávati, “to smash, to crush”), Latin ruere (“to rip, to dig”), rūtrum (“spade”), Ancient Greek ἐρυσίχθων (erusíkhthōn, “raking the ground”), Irish ruam (“spade”) < *roumā. (This root is normally reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *Hrew-.)
  • Derksen: From Proto-Indo-European *(H)ruH-. Indo-European cognates include Old Norse rýja (“to tear out wool”), Latin rūta caesa (“minerals already dug up, timber already felled, when an estate is sold”). Derksen seems unwilling to include Vasmer's cognates due to his assumption of a laryngeal in the root, required in his view to account for the acute tone of the term.

Verb

*rỳti impf[1]

  1. to dig

Inflection
Conjugation of *ryti, *ry, *ryjetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*rytьje *ryti *rytъ *rylъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *rytъ *ryjemъ
Active *ryvъ *ryję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *ryxъ*ry*ry *ryjǫ*ryješi*ryjetь
Dual *ryxově*rysta*ryste *ryjevě*ryjeta*ryjete
Plural *ryxomъ*ryste*ryšę *ryjemъ*ryjete*ryjǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *ryjaaxъ*ryjaaše*ryjaaše —*ryji*ryji
Dual *ryjaaxově*ryjaašeta*ryjaašete *ryjivě*ryjita—
Plural *ryjaaxomъ*ryjaašete*ryjaaxǫ *ryjimъ*ryjite—

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: рꙑти (ryti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: рꙑти (ryti)
      Glagolitic script: ⱃⱏⰹⱅⰻ (ryti)
    • Bulgarian: ри́я (ríja)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ри̏ти
      Latin script: rȉti
    • Slovene: ríti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: rýti
    • Polish: ryć
    • Slovak: ryť
    • Sorbian:

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “рыть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 131
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “рыть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rỳti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 442: “v. (a) ‘dig, root’”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.