Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ruda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Fossilized from *rudъ (“red, reddish; reddish brown”).

Noun

*rudà f

ore, mineral

Declension

Declension of *rudà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rudà	*rȗdě	*rȗdy
genitive	*rudý	*rudù	*rũdъ
dative	*rudě̀	*rudàma	*rudàmъ
accusative	*rȗdǫ	*rȗdě	*rȗdy
instrumental	*rudojǫ́	*rudàma	*rudàmi
locative	*rȗdě	*rudù	rudàsъ, rudàxъ^*
vocative	*rudo	*rȗdě	*rȗdy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Related terms

*rudъ (“red; ginger; brown”, adj.)
- *ruda (“ore”)
*rusъ < *rudsъ (adj.)
*ruměnъ < *rudměnъ (adj.)
*rъděti (“to be red; redden”)
*rъdrъ (“red, red-haired”, adj.)
*rъďa (“rust”)
*ryďь (“ginger”, adj.)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: руда (ruda)
  - Belarusian: руда́ (rudá)
  - Russian: руда́ (rudá)
  - Ukrainian: руда́ (rudá)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: роуда (ruda)
- Bulgarian: ру́да (rúda)
- Macedonian: ру́да (rúda)
- Serbo-Croatian: ру́да, rúda
- Slovene: rúdа (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: ruda
- Kashubian: ruda
- Polish: ruda
- Slovak: ruda
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: ruda
  - Lower Sorbian: ruda

References

Verweij, Arno (1994) “Quantity Patterns of Substantives in Czech and Slovak”, in Dutch Contributions to the Eleventh International Congress of Slavists, Bratislava (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics)‎, volume 22, Editions Rodopi B.V., page 509
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “руда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “руда”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volumes 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 187

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