Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polmy

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *palmōns, from Proto-Indo-European *polh₁-men-, from *pelh₁-. Morphologically *pol- +‎ *-my. Cognate with Lithuanian pelenaĩ (“ashes”), plė́nis (“speck, fine ashes”), Latvian plẽne (“white ashes on coals”) and Old Prussian pelanne (“ashes”).

Noun

*pòlmy m[1]

flame

Declension

Declension of *pòlmy (n-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pòlmy	*pòlmeni	*pòlmene
genitive	*pòlmene	*pòlmenu	*pòlmenъ
dative	*pòlmeni	*pòlmenьma	*pòlmenьmъ
accusative	*pòlmenь	*pòlmeni	*pòlmeni
instrumental	*pòlmenьmь	*pòlmenьma	*pòlmenьmī
locative	*pòlmene	*pòlmenu	*pòlmenьxъ
vocative	*pòlmy	*pòlmeni	*pòlmene

Related terms

*paliti

Descendants

An n-stem is unambiguously attested in the majority of Slavic languages, including importantly Old Church Slavonic. The East Slavic languages reflect an extended neuter n-stem *polymę or (for Ukrainian) *polumę instead. Russian borrowed the OCS form but converted it into a neuter n-stem as well. The modern Bulgarian form, although clearly related, has a different suffix, reflecting *polmъkъ.

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: поломѧ n (polomę) [2]
  - Russian: по́ломя n (pólomja)
  - Ukrainian: полум'я n (polumʺja)
- Old Novgorodian: полымѧ n (polymę) [3]
  - → Russian: по́лымя (pólymja)
  - → Belarusian: по́лымя (pólymja)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: пламꙑ (plamy)
  - → Russian: пла́мень (plámenʹ), пла́мя n (plámja)
  - →? Carpathian Rusyn: пламень (plamenʹ)
- Bulgarian: пла́мък (plámǎk), пла́мен (plámen) (Western dialects), плам (plam) (poetic)
- Macedonian: пла́мен (plámen), плам (plam) (poetic)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пла̏ме̄н, пла̑м (poetic)
  
  Latin script: plȁmēn, plȃm (poetic)
- Slovene: plámen (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: plamen
  - Czech: plamen
- Kashubian: płom
- Polish: płomień
- Slovak: plameň
- Sorbian
  - Lower Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: płomjo

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pòlmy”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 411: “m. n (a) ‘flame’”
Izmail Sreznevsky. Materials for the Dictionary of the Old Russian Language on the Basis of Written Records.
Andrey Zaliznyak. Drevnenovgorodskij dialekt. Jazyki slavjanskoj kul'tury: Moskva. 2004. page 39-40

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pòlmy”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 411: “m. n (a) ‘flame’”

[2] Izmail Sreznevsky. Materials for the Dictionary of the Old Russian Language on the Basis of Written Records.

[3] Andrey Zaliznyak. Drevnenovgorodskij dialekt. Jazyki slavjanskoj kul'tury: Moskva. 2004. page 39-40