< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelH- (“to chop, to separate”). Compare Proto-Slavic *polъka, *polica (“shelf, file”).

Noun

*pólъ m[1][2][3]

  1. side, flank
    *na onomь polu ― on [the] yonder side
  2. half
    *orzděľati polъma ― to divide in two
  3. member of a pair of options → gender, sex
Inflection
Declension of *polъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *polъ *pòla *pòli
genitive *pòla *pòlu *pòlъ
dative *pòlu *pòloma *pòlomъ
accusative *polъ *pòla *pòly
instrumental *pòlъmь, *pòlomь* *pòloma *pòlȳ
locative *pòlě *pòlu *pòlě̄xъ
vocative *pòle *pòla *pòli
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Secondarily:

Declension of *polъ (u-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *polъ *poly *polove
genitive *polu *polovu *polovъ
dative *polovi *polъma *polъmъ
accusative *polъ *poly *poly
instrumental *polъmь *polъma *polъmi
locative *polu *polovu *polъxъ
vocative *polu *poly *polove
Derived terms
  • *pola (“moiety”)
  • *polovъ (“halved”)
    • *poloviti (“to behalf”)
    • *polova, *polovina (“half”) (quantity)
  • *polъ-, *polu- (“half-, semi-, mid-”)
    • *polъtora (“one and a half”)
    • *poludьnь, *poldьnь (“midday”)
    • *polъnoťь, *polunoťь (“midnight”)
    • *polugodьje, *polъročьje (“half-year”)
  • *polěno
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: полъ (polŭ)
      • Belarusian: пол (pol)
      • Russian: пол (pol)
      • Ukrainian: пів (piv)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      • Old Cyrillic script: полъ (polŭ)
      • Glagolitic script: ⱂⱁⰾⱏ (polŭ)
    • Bulgarian: пол (pol)
    • Macedonian: пол (pol)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Slovene: ро̑l
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: pól
    • Old Polish: pół, puł
      • Polish: pół
      • Silesian: pōł
    • Slovak: роl
    • Polabian: pöl
    • Pomeranian:
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: poł
      • Lower Sorbian: pół
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пол¹ (gender), пол² (half)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 489

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pol¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 412: “m. o ‘half ’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “1polъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c køn, halvdel (PR 137)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “pol”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pȍlъ”

Etymology 2

Either identical with Etymology 1 or from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, to span, to fold”), *pleh₂- (“to flatten”).

Noun

*pólъ m[1][2]

  1. expanse, extent, plane
  2. (by specialization) floor
    Synonym: *podъ
Inflection
Declension of *pȍlъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *pȍlъ *pȍla *pȍli
genitive *pȍla *polù *pòlъ
dative *pȍlu *polomà *polòmъ
accusative *pȍlъ *pȍla *pȍly
instrumental *pȍlъmь, *pȍlomь* *polomà *polý
locative *pȍlě *polù *polě̃xъ
vocative *pole *pȍla *pȍli
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
  • *polovica (“stretch, strip”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: поли́ pl (polí, “fells, slopes (of mountain)”)
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пола”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 491

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pol²”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 412: “m. o”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “2polъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c belægning (PR 137)”
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