< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/para

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

Etymology

Deverbal from *pariti,[2][3] a secondary causative from *porěti (“to smolder”).

Noun

*pàra f[3][4]

  1. steam, vapour

Declension
Declension of *para (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *para *pàrě *pàry
genitive *pàry *pàru *pàrъ
dative *pàrě *pàrama *pàramъ
accusative *pàrǫ *pàrě *pàry
instrumental *pàrojǫ, *pàrǭ** *pàrama *pàramī
locative *pàrě *pàru *pàrasъ, *pàraxъ*
vocative *pàro *pàrě *pàry
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
nouns
adjectives
  • *parьnъ
  • *pariti (“to steam”)
    • *jьzpariti
    • *opariti
    • *popariti
    • *sъpariti
  • *porěti (“to broil, to smolder”)
  • *prěti (“to damp, to leaven”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: пара (para), паръ (parŭ)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: pára
    • Old Polish: para (“steam”)
      • Masurian: para (“steam”)
      • Polish: para (“steam”)
      • Silesian: para (“steam”)
    • Slovak: para
    • Sorbian:
  • Non-Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пара”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 31

References
  1. Olander, Thomas (2001) “parъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (RPT 101)”
  2. Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пара”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 31
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “para¹”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pa̋ra”
  4. Olander, Thomas (2001) “1para”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a damp (PR 132; RPT 109)”
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