< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьxati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *piš-, from Proto-Indo-European *pis-, from *peys- (“to crush”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian pìsti (“to copulate”) (1sg. pisù). Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit पिनष्टि (pinaṣṭi, “to crush”), Avestan 𐬞𐬌𐬱𐬀𐬥𐬙- (pišant-, “pushing”), Ancient Greek πτίσσω (ptíssō, “to winnow grain, to crush in a mortar”), Latin pīnsō (“to crush”) (infinitive pīnsere), Icelandic fis (“chaff”), Middle High German vīsel (“mortar”).

Verb

*pьxàti[1][2]

  1. to push, to shove

Conjugation
Conjugation of *pьxati, *pьxa, *pьšetь (?, -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*pьxanьje *pьxati *pьxatъ *pьxalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *pьxanъ *pьxomъ
Active *pьxavъ *pьxy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *pьxaxъ*pьxa*pьxa *pьxǫ*pьšeši*pьšetь
Dual *pьxaxově*pьxasta*pьxaste *pьševě*pьšeta*pьšete
Plural *pьxaxomъ*pьxaste*pьxašę *pьšemъ*pьšete*pьxǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *pьxaaxъ*pьxaaše*pьxaaše —*pьśi*pьśi
Dual *pьxaaxově*pьxaašeta*pьxaašete *pьśěvě*pьśěta—
Plural *pьxaaxomъ*pьxaašete*pьxaaxǫ *pьśěmъ*pьśěte—
Conjugation of *pьxati, *pьxa, *pьxajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*pьxanьje *pьxati *pьxatъ *pьxalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *pьxanъ *pьxajemъ
Active *pьxavъ *pьxaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *pьxaxъ*pьxa*pьxa *pьxajǫ*pьxaješi*pьxajetь
Dual *pьxaxově*pьxasta*pьxaste *pьxajevě*pьxajeta*pьxajete
Plural *pьxaxomъ*pьxaste*pьxašę *pьxajemъ*pьxajete*pьxajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *pьxaaxъ*pьxaaše*pьxaaše —*pьxaji*pьxaji
Dual *pьxaaxově*pьxaašeta*pьxaašete *pьxajivě*pьxajita—
Plural *pьxaaxomъ*pьxaašete*pьxaaxǫ *pьxajimъ*pьxajite—

Descendants

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “пиха́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 36
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пиха́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “піха́ць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2003), “пха́ти”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 4 (Н – П), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 646
  • Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “пъхам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 123

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pьxati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 426: “v. ‘push, shove’”
  2. Snoj, Marko (2016) “pháti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*pьxa̋ti”
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