< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/oko

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Early Proto-Slavic *aka,[1] from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ak-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).

Noun

*ȍko n[2]

  1. eye

Inflection
Declension of *ȍko (s-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *ȍko *ȍčesi *očesà
genitive *ȍčese *očesù *očèsъ
dative *ȍčesi *očesьmà *očèsьmъ
accusative *ȍko *ȍčesi *očesà
instrumental *ȍčesьmь *očesьmà *očesý
locative *ȍčese *očesù *očèsьxъ
vocative *ȍko *ȍčesi *očesà
Declension of *ȍko (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *ȍko *ȍcě *okà
genitive *ȍka *okù *òkъ
dative *ȍku *okomà *okòmъ
accusative *ȍko *ȍcě *okà
instrumental *ȍkъmь, *ȍkomь* *okomà *oký
locative *ȍcě *okù *ocě̃xъ
vocative *ȍko *ȍcě *okà
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *ȍči (i-stem, accent paradigm c)
dual
nominative *ȍči
genitive *očьjù, *oču*
dative *očьmà
accusative *ȍči
instrumental *očьmà
locative *očьjù, *oču*
vocative *ȍči
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

In addition to the above declensions, there were i-stem dual forms. Old Church Slavic has an o-stem singular, i-stem dual, and s-stem plural, while Russian has an o-stem singular, and an i-stem plural derived from the old dual.

Derived terms
  • *okъno (“window”)
  • *obačiti (“to watch”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: око (oko)
      • Old Ruthenian: о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko)
        • Belarusian: во́ка (vóka)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko)
        • Ukrainian: о́ко (óko), во́ко (vóko); го́ко (hóko) (dialectal)
      • Russian: о́ко (óko) (dated, archaic)
    • Old Novgorodian: око (oko)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
  • Non-Slavic:
    • → Hungarian: Aka (toponym)

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*oko”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 41
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “око”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • “akis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

References
  1. Klotz, Emanuel (2017) “*aka «oko»”, in Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 57
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ȍko”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 365
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.