< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kręnǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an earlier *krętnǫti, formed as *krętati (“to languish, to perturb”) +‎ *-nǫti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert- (“to cut, to turn”) (or possibly from a depalatalized form of Proto-Indo-European *ḱert- (“to increase, to grow”)).

Verb

*kręnǫ̀ti pf (imperfective *krętati)[1]

  1. to lift, to transit
    Synonym: *dvignǫti
  2. to move barely

Inflection
Conjugation of *kręnǫti, *kręnǫ, *kręnetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kręnovenьje *kręnǫti *kręnǫtъ *kręnǫlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *kręnovenъ —
Active *kręnǫvъ —
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *kręnǫxъ*kręnǫ*kręnǫ *kręnǫ*kręneši*kręnetь
Dual *kręnǫxově*kręnǫsta*kręnǫste *kręnevě*kręneta*kręnete
Plural *kręnǫxomъ*kręnǫste*kręnǫšę *kręnemъ*kręnete*kręnǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular ——— —*kręni*kręni
Dual ——— *kręněvě*kręněta—
Plural ——— *kręněmъ*kręněte—
    Notes:
  • In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms
  • *kręniti (“to turn”)
  • *kręnovati (“to wend”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: крану́ць (kranúcʹ)
    • Russian: кря́нуть (krjánutʹ)
    • Ukrainian: кря́нути (krjánuty, “to strike”) (dialectal)[2]
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: крѧнѫти (kręnǫti)
    • Bulgarian: кре́на (kréna), кре́вам (krévam), dial. кретнува́м (kretnuvám)
    • Macedonian: крене (krene)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: кре́нути
      Latin script: krénuti
    • Slovene: krenīti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: křátnouti[3]

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кря́нуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*krętnǫti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 147
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кревам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 728
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “кря́нути”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “krenīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*krę(t)nǫ̋ti”
  2. Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1924), “крянути”, in Словарь української мови [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language]‎ (in Russian), volumes 1: А – Н, Berlin: Ukrainske Slowo, page 853
  3. František Št. Kott (1878) “křátnouti”, in Česko-německý slovník zvláště grammaticko-fraseologický (in Czech), Prague: Josef Kolář, page 806
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