< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kolti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kolh₂-, from the root *kelh₂-.

Cognate with Lithuanian kálti (“to strike (with a hammer or axe), to forge”) (1sg. kalù), Latvian kal̃t (“to beat, to forge”) (1sg. kaļu), Lithuanian kùlti (“to hit”), Latvian kul̂t (“to hit”), Old Prussian preicalis (“anvil”), kalopeilis (“hoe”), Latin percellō (“to overturn, to strike”) (infinitive percellere, perfect perculī), Old Irish cellach (“war”), Ancient Greek κελεΐς (keleḯs, “axe”) (Hesychius), per Vasmer probably also Lithuanian skélti (“to split”).

Verb

*kòlti[1][2][3]

  1. to stab, to sting

Inflection
Conjugation of *kolti, *kol, *koľetь (?, -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*koltьje *kolti *koltъ *kollъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *koltъ *koľemъ
Active *kolvъ *koľę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *kolsъ*kol*kol *koľǫ*koľeši*koľetь
Dual *kolsově*kolsta*kolste *koľevě*koľeta*koľete
Plural *kolsomъ*kolste*kolsę *koľemъ*koľete*koľǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *koľaaxъ*koľaaše*koľaaše —*koľi*koľi
Dual *koľaaxově*koľaašeta*koľaašete *koľivě*koľita—
Plural *koľaaxomъ*koľaašete*koľaaxǫ *koľimъ*koľite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*koljenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Descendants

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “коло́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 414
  • Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*kelh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 350
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kolti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 154
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “коло́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kòlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 230: “v. (b) ‘stab, sting’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “kolti: koljǫ koljetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 248-51; PR 136; MP 27)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “kláti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*kőlti, sed. *kol'ǫ̋”
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