< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/darъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dōˀra, from an earlier *dōˀran, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃rom (“gift”), from the root *deh₃- (“to give”), turning masculine by Illič-Svityč's rule.

Direct cognates are Ancient Greek δῶρον (dôron, “gift”), Old Armenian տուր (tur). Indirect cognates (with the suffix -no) are Latin dōnum (“gift”), Sanskrit दान (dāná, “gift”).

Reconstruction

Vasmer and Derksen assume an original v-stem, but ESSJa claims that the forms with -ov- are secondary. Sławski claims that the evidence in inconclusive, and the history of the word as well as the derivatives indicate a coexistence of a v-stem.

Noun

*dȃrъ m[1][2][3]

  1. gift (given to another)
    *darъmь/*daromь ― for free
    *dati darъmь/*daromь ― to give for free
    *vъ darъ dati ― to give as a gift
    *božьjь darъ ― something sent by God
  2. (figuratively) talent, gift (ability)
  3. (in the plural) ceremonial gifts offered to the bride and groom during a wedding or exchanged during the wedding between the closest relatives and newlyweds

Inflection
Declension of *dȃrъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *dȃrъ *dȃry *dȃrove
genitive *dȃru *darovù *daròvъ
dative *dȃrovi *darъmà *dȃrъmъ
accusative *dȃrъ *dȃry *dȃry
instrumental *dȃrъmь *darъmà *darъmì
locative *darú *darovù *dȃrъxъ
vocative *daru *dȃry *dȃrove

Derived terms
  • *dariti
  • *darovati
  • *darovitъ
  • *darovъ
  • *darovьinъ
  • *darъkъ
  • *darьba
  • *darьje
  • *darьmo
  • *darьnъ

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: даръ (darŭ)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: dar
    • Polish: dar
    • Slovak: dar
    • Pomeranian:
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: dar
      • Upper Sorbian: dar
  • Non-Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*darъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 191
  • Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*darъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 346

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dȃrъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 96: “m. u (c) ‘gift’”
  2. Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎, University of Vienna, page 7: “*dȃrъ”
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001) “darъ daru”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 137; PR 137; RPT 102)”
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