< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čьmeľь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kimelаs, from Proto-Indo-European km̥H-el-i-, probably onomatopoeic from a root *kemH- (“to hum”) + *-eľь.

Cognate with Lithuanian kamanė (“bumblebee”), Latvian kamene (“bumblebee”), Old Prussian camus (“bumblebee”), Proto-Germanic *humelaz (“bumblebee”).

Noun

*čьmèľь m[1]

  1. bumblebee

Declension
Declension of *čьmèľь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *čьmèľь *čьmeľà *čьmeľì
genitive *čьmeľà *čьmeľù *čьmèľь
dative *čьmeľù *čьmeľèma *čьmèľemъ
accusative *čьmèľь *čьmeľà *čьmeľę̇̀
instrumental *čьmeľь̀mь, *čьmeľèmь* *čьmeľèma *čьmèľi
locative *čьmeľì *čьmeľù *čьmèľixъ
vocative *čьmeľu *čьmeľà *čьmeľì
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: чмель (čmjelʹ)
    • Middle Russian: шмель (šmelʹ) (17ᵗʰ c.)
    • Ukrainian: чміль (čmilʹ), джміль (džmilʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: чмѐла
      Latin script: čmèla
    • Slovene: čmŕlj (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: čmel, čmelák
    • Kashubian: brzmiôl, brzmiél, grzmiôl, grzmiél
    • Polabian: stamil
    • Old Polish: czmiel
    • Slovak: čmeľ
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: tśmjel
      • Upper Sorbian: čmjeła

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьmelь/*čьmela”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 145
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “шмель”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “čmrlj”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*čьmel'ь̏”
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