Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kemH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Onomatopoeic. Possible late North-West Indo-European isogloss.

Root

*kemH-

to hum

Derived terms

*km̥H-el-os (“bumblebee”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kimelаs
  - Proto-Slavic: *čьmèľь (“bumblebee”)[1][2][3][4] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *humelaz (“bumblebee”)[5] (see there for further descendants)
*komH-eh₂-ros
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kamāˀras
  - Proto-Slavic: *komãrъ (“mosquito”)[6][7][8] (see there for further descendants)
*komH-on-ieh₂[5]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kamanēˀ[9]
  - Latgalian: kamane (“bumblebee, wild bee”)
  - Latvian: kamene, kamine (“bumblebee”)
  - Lithuanian: kamãnė (“bumblebee”), kamana; kamìnė (“wild bee”) (dialectal)
*komH-us[5]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kamus
  - Old Prussian: camus (“bumblebee”)
*km̥H-us
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kimús
  - Lithuanian: kimùs (“hoarse”)
*km̥H-yé-ti
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kimˀtei
  - Lithuanian: kìmti (“wheeze, become hoarse”) (present kìmstu)
*km̥H-néh₂-ti
- Proto-Germanic: *hummōną (“to hum”)[5] (see there for further descendants)

Possibly:
- *komH-on-yos
  - Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kamanjas
    - >? Proto-Slavic: *komoňь (“horse”)[10] (see there for further descendants)
- *km̥H-ph₂-
  - >? Ancient Greek: κηφήν (kēphḗn, “apian drone”)[11] (see there for further descendants)

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьmelь/*čьmela”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 145
Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “čьmelь”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 311
Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “джміль”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 52
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “шмель”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*humela-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 255: “m. 'bumblebee'”
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*komarъ/*komarь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 169
Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “кома́р”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 531
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кома́р”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Derksen, Rick (2015) “kamanė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*komonь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 177
Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*km̥hₓp-hₐ-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 58: “drone”

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[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьmelь/*čьmela”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 145

[2] Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “čьmelь”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 311

[3] Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “джміль”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 52

[4] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “шмель”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[Kroonen-5] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*humela-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 255: “m. 'bumblebee'”

[6] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*komarъ/*komarь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 169

[7] Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “кома́р”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 531

[8] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кома́р”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[9] Derksen, Rick (2015) “kamanė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222

[10] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*komonь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 177

[11] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*km̥hₓp-hₐ-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 58: “drone”