< Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic

Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/dörben

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic
Proto-Mongolic cardinal numbers
 <  3 4 5  > 
    Cardinal : *dörben
    Ordinal : *dötüxer
    Distributive : *dörbexed
    Collective : *dörbexülen

Etymology

Likely morphologically *dör +‎ *-ben. The final consonant -r on the root occurs in the roots of *gurban (“three”), *harban (“ten”), as well as Pre-Proto-Mongolic *jir (“two”) and may be a secondary suffix. If so, *dö- may be a further root, which forms *döcin (“forty”), *dönen (“four-year-old”) and *dötüxer (“fourth”). Compare Khitan 𘲂 (dur).

The Shirongol forms go back to an unrounded *derben.

Numeral

*dörben

  1. four

Descendants
  • Middle Mongol:
    • Mongolian: ᠳᠥ᠋ᠷᠪᠡ᠋ (dörbe)
    • Arabic: دوربان (dwrbân) (Muqaddimat)
    • Chinese: 得勒班 (deleban) (Beilu Yiyu)
    • Phags-pa: ꡊꡡꡘꡎꡠ (dörbe)
  • Mongolian:
    • Classical: ᠳᠥ᠋ᠷᠪᠡ᠋ (dörbe)
    • Khalkha Mongolian: дөрөв (döröv)
    • Ordos: dörwö
  • Oirat:
    • Kalmyk: дөрвн (dörvn)
    • Written: ᡑᡈᠷᡋᡉᠨ (dörbün)
  • Buryat: дүрбэн (dürben)
  • Daur: durbun
  • East Yugur: dørβen
  • Monguor:
    • Mongghul: deːren
    • Mangghuer: derbaŋ
  • Bonan: deraŋ
  • Kangjia: derɔ
  • Dongxiang: jieron
  • Mogholi: durbɔn

Further reading
  • Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 318
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