< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tr̥fšah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative forms
  • *tr̥špah (metathesized)[1][2]

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tr̥psas, from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to congeal; to curdle”), whence Lithuanian tirpstù, tir̃pti (“to coagulate, stiffen”), Latin torpeō (“to be stiff”), perhaps Proto-Germanic *þerbaz (“unleavened”).

Adjective

*tr̥fšah[2][3][4][5]

  1. sour, acidic

Descendants
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Wakhi: trəṣ̌p
    • Yagnobi: тишпа (tíšpa)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *təršp
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha: *təršp
        • Munji: [script needed] (tᵊrəšpá)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (trišp)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *tux̌p
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *tux̌p
          • Sarikoli: tыx̌p, tůx̌p
          • Shughni: тух̌п m (tux̌p), тах̌п f (tax̌p)
        • Yazghulami: тах̌п (tax̌p)
    • >? Ormuri: [script needed] (tōf)[6]
    • >? Pashto: تریو m (tríw), [script needed] (tərwa), [script needed] f (trawa, “sour; buttermilk”) (or < *tiwráh, cf. Sanskrit तीव्र (tīvrá, “strong, sharp, heavy, pungent”)[7])
      • →? Waneci: [script needed] (tərəw)[7][6]
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: ترشپ (trušp)
    • Parthian:
      Manichaean script: 𐫎𐫡𐫏𐫜𐫢 (ṯryfš /⁠trifš⁠/)
    • Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: tirş
      Central Kurdish: تِرش (tirş)
    • Gilaki: ترش (turš)
    • Mazanderani: ترش (terš)
    • Zazaki: tirş
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Northern Luri: تؤرش (torš)
    • Middle Persian:
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwš /⁠truš⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwpš /⁠trufš⁠/)
      • Classical Persian: ترش (tur(u)š)
        Dari: ترش (tur(u)š)
        Iranian Persian: ترش (tor(o)š)
        Tajik: турш (turš), туруш (turuš)
        • → Pashto: تروش (trúš), ترش (tróš)
        • → Waneci: [script needed] (trūž)[8]
        • → Ishkashimi: [script needed] (trəš), [script needed] (tᵊrüš), [script needed] (tᵊruš), [script needed] (truš)[9]
        • → Sanglechi: [script needed] (tɛrəṣ̌)[9]
  • →? Russian: терпкий (terpkij)[10]

References
  1. Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “trəṣ̌p”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN, page 360
  2. Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 67
  3. The template Template:R:ira:LMPPW does not use the parameter(s): 
    1=tryfš
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Henning, W. (1937) “A List of Middle-Persian and Parthian Words”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London‎, volume 9, number 1, Cambridge University Press, →JSTOR, page 88
  4. Asatrian, Garnik (2011) “tār²”, in A Comparative Vocabulary of Central Iranian Dialects‎ (in Persian), Tehran: Safir Ardehal Publications, page 387
  5. Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “triw”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
  6. Morgenstierne, Georg (1973) “Chapter 11: Supplementary notes on Ormuri”, in Irano-Dardica (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 5), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
  7. Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
  8. Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
  9. Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) “tɛ'rəṣ̌”, in Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 416
  10. Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) “trɪšp”, in Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 256
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