< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyp-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*weyb-[1][2][3][4][5][6]

  1. to shake, tremble, agitate
  2. to swing, sway
  3. to turn, wind, rotate, wrap (around)

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyp-‎ (6 c, 0 e)
  • *wéyp-e-ti (thematic root present)
    • Proto-Germanic: *wīpaną (from *wéyb-eti) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáypati (“to tremble”)
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáypati
        • Sanskrit: वेपते (vépate)
      • Proto-Iranian: *wáypati (“to swing, shake”)[6]
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (vaēpaiia, “to be homosexual”)
        • Northeastern Iranian:
          • Khufi: wib (“cry to bullock”)
          • Ossetian:
            • Digor: (ӕйй)евун ((æjj)evun, “to change (color)”), (ӕйй)ивд ((æjj)ivd)
            • Iron: и́вын (ívyn, “to change (color)”), ивд (ivd)
          • Yazghulami: wib-, wipt (“to turn round a team bullocks while threshing”)
        • Persian گیفر (geyfar, “butterchurn”)
  • *woyp-éye-ti (causative)
    • Proto-Germanic: *waibijaną (“to wind (around), wrap”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *waypáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *waypáyati
        • Sanskrit: वेपयति (vepayati, “to cause to tremble, agitate, shake, move”)
      • Proto-Iranian: *waypáyati
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaēpaiieiti)[6]
  • *wi-né-b-ti ~ *wi-m-b-énti
    • Proto-Germanic: *wimpaną
      • ⇒? Proto-Germanic: *wimpilaz (“wrapped cloth, scarf, wimple”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *wip-rós (“trembling, swinging, agitated”)[7]
    • Proto-Germanic: *wibraz (“missile, sword”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiprás (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *wibrāō (“trembling”)[7]
      • Latin: vibrō (“to move to and fro”)
  • *woyp-eh₂yéti
    • Proto-Germanic: *waibōną
      • Old English: wāfian (“to be agitated, to stare in amazement”)
  • *weyp-s-
    • *weyps-eh₁yéti
    • *woyps-yeh₂yéti
      • Proto-Slavic: *věšati
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: viẽpti, viẽpia, viẽpē (“to make a face, gape”)
      • Latvian: viẽptiês, viêptiês (“to rotate, twist, makea face, grimace”)
      • Lithuanian: vaipī́tis (“to grimace, make a sour face, bend”)
      • Lithuanian: vī́burti, vī́buria, vī́burē (“swing, turn around, flutter”)
      • Lithuanian: vìpti, vim̃pa, vìpo (“to fall off, gape”)
      • Lithuanian: vỹpti, vỹpsta, vỹpo (“to bend”)
      • Latvian: vaîbît, vaîbu, vaîbît (“to distort, adjust (one's face)”)
      • Latvian: viêbt, viêbju, viêbĩju (“to adjust (one's face)”)
      • Latvian: vìepe (“covering, casing, linen envelope”)
      • Latvian: viept, viepju, viepu (“to cover, distort (one's face)”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *waypas
      • Proto-Iranian: *waypah (“inspired song”) (possibly)
        • → Old Armenian: վէպ (vēp)
    • Tocharian:
      • Tocharian B: wip-, wīpäṣṣäṃ (“to shake, swing”, 3s.)
      • Tocharian B: waipalau, waiwalau (“vertigo, giddiness”)
      • Tocharian B: waipe* (m.sg.), waipe (“banner, flag”, obl.sg.)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯eip-, u̯eib-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1131-1132
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯ei̯p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 671
  3. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) “*weip- ~ *weib-”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 378
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wimonā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421: “*weyb/p-”
  5. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “waipe*”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 667: “*woib/po-”
  6. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “u̯aip”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 415: “*u̯eip-”
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vibrō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 674: “*uip/b-ro-”
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