< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tpḗrsneh₂

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps from *t(s)pērH- (“to kick with the heel”) +‎ *-sneh₂, possible compound of *pd- (“foot”) +‎ *sperH- (“to beat, kick”).[1] Alternatively from *t(s)pḗr-s +‎ *-néh₂, s-stem of the same root.

Noun

*tpḗrsneh₂ f[2][3][1][4]

  1. heel, upper thigh

Inflection
Thematic in *-eh₂
singular
nominative *tpḗrsneh₂
genitive *tpḗrsneh₂s
singular dual plural
nominative *tpḗrsneh₂ — —
vocative *tpḗrsneh₂ — —
accusative *tpḗrsnām — —
genitive *tpḗrsneh₂s — —
ablative *tpḗrsneh₂s — —
dative *tpḗrsneh₂ey — —
locative *tpḗrsneh₂, *tpḗrsneh₂i — —
instrumental *tpḗrsneh₂h₁ — —

Descendants
  • Proto-Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] (paršna-)
  • Proto-Germanic: *fersnō[3] (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pā́ršniš (< *tpērsneh₂-i-s)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pā́rṣniṣ
    • Proto-Iranian: *pā́ršniš
      • Avestan: 𐬞𐬁𐬱𐬥𐬀 (pāšna)
      • Gurani: پاژنە (pāžna)
      • Kurdish:
        Northern Kurdish: pehnî, panî
        Central Kurdish: پانێ (panê), پانیە (panye), پاژنە (pajne)
        Southern Kurdish: پاژنە (pajne)
      • Old Persian:
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (pʾšnk' /⁠pāšnag⁠/)
      • Zazaki: paşne
  • Proto-Italic: *persnā[1]
    • Latin: perna (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *porsno (“ankle”) (< *tpērsneh₂-h₁en-)[4]
    • Tocharian B: porsnai-

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “perna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 460-461: “*persnā-”
  2. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 183: “*pérsn-ehₐ- 'heel'”
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fersnō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 137: “*tpēr-sneh₂”
  4. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “porsno*”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 435: “*pērsnehₐ-h₁en-”
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