< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ser-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ser-

  1. to flow

Extensions

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (flow)‎ (4 c, 0 e)
  • *ser-o-
    • Proto-Italic: *serom (“serum, whey”)
      • Latin: serum (see there for further descendants)
    • →? Proto-Finnic: *hëra (“whey”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *sor-o-
    • Proto-Hellenic: *horós (“serum, whey”)
      • Ancient Greek: ὀρός (orós) (see there for further descendants)
  • *sor-méh₂
    • Proto-Hellenic: *hοrmā́
      • Ancient Greek: ὁρμή (hormḗ) (see there for further descendants)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
        • Sanskrit: सिरा (sirā́, “stream, channel; vessel in the body”) (see there for further descendants)

Root

*ser-

  1. to guard

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (guard)‎ (3 c, 0 e)
  • *ser-wo-s
    • Proto-Italic: *serwos (or perhaps from the sense “to bind” below)
      • Old Latin: servos
        • Latin: servus (see there for further descendants)
  • *ser-w-eh₂-ye-ti
    • >? Proto-Hellenic: *hrūomai, *hehrūomai
      • Ancient Greek: ῥύομαι (rhúomai), εἰρύομαι (eirúomai)
    • Proto-Italic: *serwāō
      • Latin: servō (see there for further descendants)

Root

*ser-[1][2][3]

  1. to bind, to tie together
  2. thread

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (bind)‎ (11 c, 0 e)
  • *sér-e-ti (thematic root present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sertéi
    • Proto-Italic: *serō
      • Latin: serō (see there for further descendants)
  • *sér-ye-ti (ye-present)
  • *sér-mn̥ ~ *sér-mō
    • Proto-Hellenic: *hérmə
    • Proto-Italic: *sermō
      • Latin: sermō (see there for further descendants)
  • *sér-ti-s
    • Proto-Italic: *sortis
      • Latin: sors (see there for further descendants)
  • *sór-mo-s
  • *ser-wo-s
    • >? Proto-Italic: *serwos (or from the sense “to guard” above)
      • Latin: servus (see there for further descendants)
  • *sor-wo-m
    • Proto-Germanic: *sarwą (“equipment, armour”) (possibly)(or from the sense “to guard” above) (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *gasarwiją
        • Old High German: gisarawi
          • Middle High German: geserwe
        • Old Norse: sørvi
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Albanian: *surmā
    • Proto-Armenian:
    • Proto-Germanic: *sarkiz (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Italic:
      • Latin: seriēs (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Tocharian:
      • Tocharian A: sar-

Root

*ser-[5]

  1. to take, to grasp, seize
  2. to steal, plunder; booty
    Synonym: *klep-

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (take)‎ (4 c, 0 e)
  • *sr̥-yé-ti (ye-present)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *həřřō, ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *həřřéyō
  • *ser-(e-)ti (root present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sertéi
      • Latvian: sirt (“to loot”)
  • *sór-u-[6]
    • Proto-Anatolian: *sōru-
      • Hittite: 𒊭𒀀𒊒 (sāru, “booty, plunder”)
  • *ser-weh₂-
    • Proto-Celtic: *serwā (“theft, plundering”) (see there for further descendants)

See also

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “4. ser-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 911
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *ser-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 534-535
  3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  4. Derksen, Rick (2015) “sērt”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 549
  5. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “3. *ser-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 535
  6. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “šāru-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 738–739
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