< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Reanalysed root of *kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) +‎ *-us.

Root

*ksew- (imperfective)[1][2][3]

  1. to scrape, shave, sharpen

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ksew-‎ (2 c, 0 e)
  • *kséw-ti ~ *ksu-énti (athematic present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skutei (“to shave”) (metathesis)[1]
  • *ksu-yé-ti (*yé-present)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *ksuyō
      • Ancient Greek: ξύω (xúō, “to shave, smooth, scratch”)
  • *ksḗw-s-t ~ *kséw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)[2]
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: ξέσαι (xésai)
  • *ksow-éye-ti (“to scrape”, éye-causative)[3]
    • Proto-Italic: *(k)sawejō[3]
      • Latin: sauciō (“I wound; I trim”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *ksów-no-m[1]
    • Proto-Hellenic: *ksównon
  • *ksow-ó-s (“scraping”)[3]
    • Proto-Italic: *(k)sawos (“wound”)[3]
      • Latin: saucius (< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-[3]) (see there for further descendants)
  • *ksu-ró-s[3]
    • Proto-Hellenic: *ksurón
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšurás (see there for further descendants)
  • *ksu-lo-
    • Proto-Hellenic: *ksúlon
  • *ksu-téh₂
    • >? Proto-Celtic: *skutā (with metathesis)
      • Old Irish: scoth (“point, tip, edge”)
Extensions
  • >? *ksew-d- (“to crush into pieces, disintegrate”)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “ks-eu-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 586
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*kseu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 372
  3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “saucius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 540-541
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