< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ews-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂ews-[1]

  1. to become light
  2. to dawn

Alternative reconstructions

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ews- (dawn)‎ (20 c, 0 e)
  • *h₂us-sḱé-ti (ske-present)[3][2][1]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hušćáti
  • *h₂us-yé-tor (ye-deponent)
    • >? Proto-Italic: *ozjōr (“to dawn”) (unexpected lowering) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂wés-t ~ *h₂us-ént (root athematic present)[3]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHwašt ~ *HáHusant
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HáHwast ~ *HáHusant
        • Sanskrit: आवस् (āvas), आवात् (āvāt, “to become light”)
  • *h₂wos-éye-ti (eye-causative)[3]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwāsáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hwāsáyati
        • Sanskrit: वासयति (vāsáyati, “to let become light”)
  • *h₂ews-éh₂[1][4]
    • Proto-Tocharian: *wyäsā (“gold”)[4]
      • Tocharian A: wäs
      • Tocharian B: yasā
        • ⇒? Tocharian B: yasna
      • →? Proto-Uralic: *waśke (“copper, brass”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂ews-o-m[1]
    • Proto-Italic: *auzom (“gold”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂éws-ti-s ~ *h₂us-téy-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Húštiš
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Húṣṭiṣ
  • *h₂ḗws ~ *h₂us-és
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Húš
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Húṣ
        • Sanskrit: उष् (úṣ, “dawn, morning”)
  • *h₂óws-i-s ~ *h₂us-éy-s
    • Proto-Germanic: *auziz
      • ⇒? Proto-Germanic: *Auziwandilaz (“Morning Star”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂óws-mo-s
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ausmas
      • Latvian: ausma (“dawn”)
  • *h₂us-ró-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Husrás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Husrás
        • Sanskrit: उस्र (usrá, “reddish, ruddy; bright; matutinal”)

References
  1. Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 241; 294; 301: “*hₐewes-; *hₐeusom ~ *hₐwesehₐ-; *hₐeust(e)ro-; *hₐeus-; *hₐéusōs; *hₐ(e)us-sk̂-eti”
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “au̯es-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 86-87: “*us-sk̂éti”
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *h₂ues-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
  4. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “yasa”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 524–525: “PTch *wi̯äsā; *hₐewsehₐ”

Root

*h₂ews-[1][2][3][4]

  1. to draw water, scoop up

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ews- (draw)‎ (1 c, 0 e)
  • *h₂ews-e-ti
    • Proto-Germanic: *ausaną (“to scoop”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂ews-ye-ti
    • Proto-Italic: *auzjō
      • Latin: hauriō (“to draw, scoop up”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂ews-e-ti or *h₂ews-ye-ti
    • >? Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: αὔω (aúō)
      • ⇒ Mycenaean Greek: 𐀢𐀨𐀄𐀵𐀫 (pu-ra-u-to-ro /⁠puraustrō⁠/)
  • *h₂us-[5]
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • ⇒ Ancient Greek: (ἀφ)ύσσω ((aph)ússō, “to draw or scoop liquids”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Palaic: 𒄷𒍑𒅆𒄿𒅔𒀭𒋫 (ḫu-uš-ši-i-in-an-ta /⁠hussīnta, ḫuššīnanta⁠/, “they draw water for themselves; sacrificial offering, in particular libations”)
    • Proto-Celtic: *awsetlo- or *awselo- (“flesh-fork”) (possibly)
      • >? Old Irish: aél (or from Old English awul)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὔω 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “hauriō, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ausan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43
  4. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*awsetlo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
  5. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀφύσσω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180
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