< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ewlós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Unknown. Possible so-called "chiming root" with *kawlós, whence Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem, shaft”), Proto-Balto-Slavic *káuˀlas (“bone”).[1]

Noun

*h₂ewlós[2]

  1. something hollow, hollowed out

Inflection
Thematic
singular
nominative *h₂ewlós
genitive *h₂ewlósyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₂ewlós *h₂ewlóh₁ *h₂ewlóes
vocative *h₂ewlé *h₂ewlóh₁ *h₂ewlóes
accusative *h₂ewlóm *h₂ewlóh₁ *h₂ewlóms
genitive *h₂ewlósyo *? *h₂ewlóHom
ablative *h₂ewléad *? *h₂ewlómos
dative *h₂ewlóey *? *h₂ewlómos
locative *h₂ewléy, *h₂ewlóy *? *h₂ewlóysu
instrumental *h₂ewlóh₁ *? *h₂ewlṓys

Alternative reconstructions

Derived terms
  • >? *h₂éwl-ih₂ ~ *h₂ul-yéh₂-s
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aulī́ˀ
      • Proto-Slavic: *ùlica (“passage, street”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂éwl-u-s ~ *h₂ul-u-éw-s
    • >? Proto-Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: ոլոք (olokʻ, “shin”)
    • ⇒? *h₂ewlu-h₁ēn[4]
      • Proto-Tocharian:
        • Tocharian B: auloñ (“(blood) vessels”)
      • >? Proto-Tocharian: *olyä f (“boat”) (< earlier *oluyä (< *h₂ulu-h₁n̥))[5]
        • Tocharian A: olyik
        • Tocharian B: olyi
  • *h₂ewl-yo-s[6][7]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aulios[6]
      • East Baltic:
        • Latvian: aũlis (“beehive”)
        • Lithuanian: avilys (“beehive”)
      • Proto-Slavic: *ulьjь (“beehive”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂ówl-i-s ~ *h₂ul-éy-s[8][7]
    • >? Proto-Anatolian:[9]
      • Hittite: 𒀀𒌑𒇷𒅖 (a-ú-li-iš /⁠aulis⁠/, “body part”)
  • >? *h₂ul-nó-s[10]
    • Proto-Armenian:[3]
      • Old Armenian: ուղի (ułi, “road, passage”), ուղ (uł) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants
  • Proto-Armenian:[11]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aulos
    • East Baltic:
      • Latvian: aulas (“leg of a boot”)
      • Lithuanian: aũle (“leg of a boot”)
    • West Baltic:
      • Old Prussian: aulis (“shinbone”)
  • Proto-Italic: *alwos (< earler *aulos)[7][12]
    • Latin: alvus (“stomach, bowels, womb”) (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *alwejos
      • Latin: alveus (“hollow, cavity”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *aulós
    • Ancient Greek: αὐλός (aulós, “pipe, tube”)[8] (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Ancient Greek: αὐλών (aulṓn, “hollow, channel, strait”)

References
  1. Güntert, Hermann (1914) Über Reimwortbildungen im Arischen und Altgriechischen; eine sprachwissenschaftliche Untersuchung‎ (in German), Heidelberg: C. Winter, →OCLC, page 154
  2. Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) “*h₂elwos”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 220
  3. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “au-lo-s (: ēu-l-)”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 88-89
  4. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “auloñ”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 140–141: “PIE *h₂euluh₁en-”
  5. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “olyi”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 131: “PIE *h₂(o)uluh₁en-”
  6. Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 508
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “alvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 36: “PIt. *aulos”
  8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὐλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 170
  9. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “auli-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 229–230
  10. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 442
  11. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “օղ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 612–613
  12. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 43: “*alṷ- < *aul- < *h₂eul-”
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