< Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/káuˀlas

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulós, with accent retraction due to Hirt's law. Cognate with Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem, pole”).[1]

Noun

*káuˀlas m

  1. bone

Inflection
Declension of *káuˀlas (o-stem, fixed accent)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *káuˀlas *káuˀlōˀ *káuˀlai(ˀ)
Accusative *káuˀlan *káuˀlōˀ *káuˀlō(ˀ)ns
Genitive *káuˀlā *káuˀlāu(ˀ) *káuˀlōn
Locative *káuˀlai *káuˀlāu(ˀ) *káuˀlaišu
Dative *káuˀlōi *káuˀlamā(ˀ) *káuˀlamas
Instrumental *káuˀlōˀ *káuˀlamāˀ *káuˀlōis
Vocative *káuˀle *káuˀlōˀ *káuˀlai(ˀ)

Descendants
  • East Baltic:
    • Latgalian: kauls
    • Latvian: kaũls
    • Lithuanian: káulas

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2015) “kaulas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 233
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