< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*bʰeh₂- (imperfective)[1][2][3]

  1. to shine, glow light
    Synonyms: *bʰleyǵ-, *ḱweyt-, *keyt-

Extensions
  • *bʰeh₂-u-
    • *bʰh₂-w-e-ti
      • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwō
        • Ancient Greek: φαῦω (phaûō), φάω (pháō)
    • *bʰeh₂-w-eh₁-ye-ti?
      • Proto-Italic: *fāwēō?
    • *bʰh₂-we-dʰe-ti
      • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰawétʰō
    • *bʰi-bʰh₂-u-sḱéti
      • Proto-Hellenic: *pipʰáwskō
        • Ancient Greek: πιφαύσκω (piphaúskō)
    • *bʰéh₂-w-os ~ *bʰéh₂-w-es-
      • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwos
        • Ancient Greek: φαῦος (phaûos), φάος (pháos)
    • *bʰh₂-w-es-no-
      • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰawehnós
        • Ancient Greek: φάεννος (pháennos), φαεινός (phaeinós), φαείνω (phaeínō)
    • *bʰéh₂-u-ti-
      • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰáwtis
        • Ancient Greek: φαῦσις (phaûsis)

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (shine)‎ (22 c, 0 e)
  • *bʰéh₂-ti ~ *bʰh₂-énti (athematic root present)
    • Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: φάντα (phánta, “shining”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHti (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰh₂-n-yé-ti (innovative nasal-infix zero-grade ye-present)
  • *bʰéh₂-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂-téy-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰátis
      • Ancient Greek: φάσις (phásis), φάτις (phátis)
  • *bʰéh₂-os ~ *bʰéh₂-es-os
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHas (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *djuβās < *dyew-bʰéh₂-os
      • Latin: iubar (“celestial light, splendor”)
  • *bʰóh₂-mo-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHmas (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰeh₂-no-s[5]
    • Proto-Celtic: *bānos (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *bōnaz
      • Proto-West Germanic: *bōn (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHnas
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHnas
      • Proto-Iranian: *báHnah
        • Ossetian: бон (bon, “day”)
        • Sarikoli: [script needed] (vuyn, “light, radiance”)
        • Wakhi: [script needed] (voyn, “fire, light”)
  • *bʰeh₂-nú-s
  • Unsorted formations:

Root

*bʰeh₂- (imperfective)[6][7]

  1. to speak
    Synonyms: *mlewH-, *h₂wedH-, *ter-, *yek-
  2. to say
    Synonyms: *gʷet-, *Hedʰ-, *h₂eǵ-, *sekʷ-, *wekʷ-, *werh₁-, *weth₂-

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (speak)‎ (43 c, 0 e)
  • *bʰéh₂-ti ~ *bʰh₂-énti (athematic root present)
  • *bʰn̥h₂-é-ti (innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade thematic present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰánati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰánati
        • Vedic Sanskrit: भनति (bhánati) (see there for further descendants)
  • bʰh₂-néw-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti (innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present)
    • Proto-Germanic: *bannaną (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰéh₂-meh₂
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰā́mā
    • Proto-Italic: *fāmā
      • Latin: fāma (“fame”)
  • *bʰéh₂-os ~ *bʰéh₂-es-os
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHšaH (or from *bʰels-)
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHṣaH
    • Proto-Italic: *fās
  • *bʰoh₂-néh₂
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰōnā́
      • Ancient Greek: φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice”)
  • *bʰeh₂-mi-s
  • *bʰeh₂-mn̥
  • *bʰeh₂-ni-s
    • Old Armenian: բան (ban),
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāˀnis
      • Proto-Slavic: *basnь (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *bōniz (see there for further descendants)
  • *bʰh₂-sḱéti
  • *bʰéh₂-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂-téy-s[8]
    • Armenian:
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pʰátis
      • Ancient Greek: φάσις (phásis), φάτις (phátis)
  • *bʰh₂-tó-s
  • *bʰéh₂-tu-s ~ *bʰh₂-téw-s
    • Proto-Italic: *fātus
  • *bʰeh₂-dʰli-
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāˀdlis
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Armenian:
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāˀjakāˀ

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “bhā-, bhō-, bhə”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 104-105
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 68-69
  3. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*baH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1
  4. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “bëj ~ bâj”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 22
  5. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bāno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
  6. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “bhā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 105-106
  7. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 69-70
  8. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 165
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