faveo

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be, become”) via a stative *bʰh₂weh₁yeti (“to be favorable to”)[1] (> *fawēō) or a causative *bʰowh₂eyeti[2] (> *foweō). Alternatively, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰew- (cognate with Proto-Slavic *gověti) via *gʷʰoweti > *foweō.[2] The latter two derivations would be examples of unrounding of *o before *w.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.u̯e.oː/, [ˈfäu̯eoː]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ve.o/, [ˈfäːveo]

Verb

faveō (present infinitive favēre, perfect active fāvī, supine fautum); second conjugation, impersonal in the passive

to be favorable, to be well disposed or inclined towards, to favor, promote, befriend, countenance, protect
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.249–250:
  Vesta, favē! tibi nunc operāta resolvimus ōra,
  ad tua sī nōbīs sacra venīre licet.
  Vesta, be favorable! Devoted to you, we now unbind our lips; [that is], if we are permitted to come to your sacrifices.
  (See Vesta (mythology); Vestalia.)
(with dative) to favour
- 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales :
  Rōmānīs Iūnō coepit plācāta favēre
  Placated, Juno started to favour the Romans
(with dative) to countenance, applaud, support, encourage, indulge
Synonym: foveō

Conjugation

Conjugation of faveō (second conjugation, impersonal in passive)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	faveō	favēs	favet	favēmus	favētis	favent
	imperfect	favēbam	favēbās	favēbat	favēbāmus	favēbātis	favēbant
	future	favēbō	favēbis	favēbit	favēbimus	favēbitis	favēbunt
	perfect	fāvī	fāvistī, fāstī¹	fāvit, fāt¹	fāvimus, fāmus¹	fāvistis, fāstis¹	fāvērunt, fāvēre, fārunt¹
	pluperfect	fāveram, fāram¹	fāverās, fārās¹	fāverat, fārat¹	fāverāmus, fārāmus¹	fāverātis, fārātis¹	fāverant, fārant¹
	future perfect	fāverō, fārō¹	fāveris, fāris¹	fāverit, fārit¹	fāverimus, fārimus¹	fāveritis, fāritis¹	fāverint, fārint¹
passive	present	—	—	favētur	—	—	—
	imperfect	—	—	favēbātur	—	—	—
	future	—	—	favēbitur	—	—	—
	perfect	—	—	fautum est	—	—	—
	pluperfect	—	—	fautum erat	—	—	—
	future perfect	—	—	fautum erit	—	—	—
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	faveam	faveās	faveat	faveāmus	faveātis	faveant
	imperfect	favērem	favērēs	favēret	favērēmus	favērētis	favērent
	perfect	fāverim, fārim¹	fāverīs, fārīs¹	fāverit, fārit¹	fāverīmus, fārīmus¹	fāverītis, fārītis¹	fāverint, fārint¹
	pluperfect	fāvissem, fāssem¹	fāvissēs, fāssēs¹	fāvisset, fāsset¹	fāvissēmus, fāssēmus¹	fāvissētis, fāssētis¹	fāvissent, fāssent¹
passive	present	—	—	faveātur	—	—	—
	imperfect	—	—	favērētur	—	—	—
	perfect	—	—	fautum sit	—	—	—
	pluperfect	—	—	fautum esset, fautum foret	—	—	—
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	favē	—	—	favēte	—
active	future	—	favētō	favētō	—	favētōte	faventō
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		favēre	fāvisse, fāsse¹	fautūrum esse	favērī	fautum esse	—
participles		favēns	—	fautūrus	—	fautum	favendum
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		favendī	favendō	favendum	favendō	fautum	fautū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “faveō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 206: “faveō may reflect *bʰh₂u̯-eh₁-”
Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 441: “There are three hypotheses about its etymology. faveo reflects *bhouH-eie- (thus e.g. Thurneysen op. cit.), which is a causative of *bhuH- 'to be'. [...] The third possibility is that faveō reflects *gʷhou-”

“faveo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“faveo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
faveo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- maintain a devout silence (properly, utter no ill-omened word): favete ore, linguis = εὐφημειτε
- (ambiguous) to look favourably upon; to support: studere, favere alicui
- (ambiguous) to be a friend of the aristocracy: nobilitati favere (Sest. 9. 21)
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “faveō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 206: “faveō may reflect *bʰh₂u̯-eh₁-”

[Schrijver-2] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 441: “There are three hypotheses about its etymology. faveo reflects *bhouH-eie- (thus e.g. Thurneysen op. cit.), which is a causative of *bhuH- 'to be'. [...] The third possibility is that faveō reflects *gʷhou-”