< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spīwatjaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative reconstructions
- *spūtijaną[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈspiː.u̯ɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *spīwatjaną (weak class 1 j-present)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *spīwatjō | *spīwatjaų | — | *spīwatjai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *spīwatisi | *spīwatjais | *spīwati | *spīwatjasai | *spīwatjaisau |
| 3rd singular | *spīwatiþi | *spīwatjai | *spīwatjaþau | *spīwatjaþai | *spīwatjaiþau |
| 1st dual | *spīwatjōs | *spīwatjaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *spīwatjaþiz | *spīwatjaiþiz | *spīwatjaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *spīwatjamaz | *spīwatjaim | — | *spīwatjanþai | *spīwatjainþau |
| 2nd plural | *spīwatiþ | *spīwatjaiþ | *spīwatiþ | *spīwatjanþai | *spīwatjainþau |
| 3rd plural | *spīwatjanþi | *spīwatjain | *spīwatjanþau | *spīwatjanþai | *spīwatjainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *spīwastǭ | *spīwastēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *spīwastēz | *spīwastēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *spīwastē | *spīwastēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *spīwastēdū | *spīwastēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *spīwastēdudiz | *spīwastēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *spīwastēdum | *spīwastēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *spīwastēdud | *spīwastēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *spīwastēdun | *spīwastēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *spīwatjandz | *spīwatidaz | |||
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *spīwattjan
- Old Norse: spýta
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*spūtjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 368
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