< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/murþijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *murþą (“death, murder”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmur.θi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*murþijaną[1][2]

  1. To murder, to kill

Inflection
Conjugation of *murþijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *murþijō*murþijaų—*murþijai ?
2nd singular *murþīsi*murþijais*murþī*murþijasai*murþijaisau
3rd singular *murþīþi*murþijai*murþijaþau*murþijaþai*murþijaiþau
1st dual *murþijōs*murþijaiw———
2nd dual *murþijaþiz*murþijaiþiz*murþijaþiz——
1st plural *murþijamaz*murþijaim—*murþijanþai*murþijainþau
2nd plural *murþīþ*murþijaiþ*murþīþ*murþijanþai*murþijainþau
3rd plural *murþijanþi*murþijain*murþijanþau*murþijanþai*murþijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *murþidǭ*murþidēdį̄
2nd singular *murþidēz*murþidēdīz
3rd singular *murþidē*murþidēdī
1st dual *murþidēdū*murþidēdīw
2nd dual *murþidēdudiz*murþidēdīdiz
1st plural *murþidēdum*murþidēdīm
2nd plural *murþidēdud*murþidēdīd
3rd plural *murþidēdun*murþidēdīn
present past
participles *murþijandz*murþidaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *murþijan
    • Old High German: murden, (readaptated to the noun) morden
  • Old Norse: myrða

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*murþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 378: “*murþjan-”
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*murþjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 277
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