< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrūtaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxruː.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Alternative forms
Inflection
Conjugation of *hrūtaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *hrūtō | *hrūtaų | — | *hrūtai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *hrūtizi | *hrūtaiz | *hrūt | *hrūtazai | *hrūtaizau |
| 3rd singular | *hrūtidi | *hrūtai | *hrūtadau | *hrūtadai | *hrūtaidau |
| 1st dual | *hrūtōz | *hrūtaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *hrūtadiz | *hrūtaidiz | *hrūtadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *hrūtamaz | *hrūtaim | — | *hrūtandai | *hrūtaindau |
| 2nd plural | *hrūtid | *hrūtaid | *hrūtid | *hrūtandai | *hrūtaindau |
| 3rd plural | *hrūtandi | *hrūtain | *hrūtandau | *hrūtandai | *hrūtaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *hraut | *hrutį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *hraust | *hrutīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *hraut | *hrutī | |||
| 1st dual | *hrutū | *hrutīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *hrutudiz | *hrutīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *hrutum | *hrutīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *hrutud | *hrutīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *hrutun | *hrutīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *hrūtandz | *hrutanaz | |||
Etymology 2
Related to *hreusaną (“to fall”) This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Alternative forms
Inflection
Conjugation of *hrūtaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *hrūtō | *hrūtaų | — | *hrūtai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *hrūtizi | *hrūtaiz | *hrūt | *hrūtazai | *hrūtaizau |
| 3rd singular | *hrūtidi | *hrūtai | *hrūtadau | *hrūtadai | *hrūtaidau |
| 1st dual | *hrūtōz | *hrūtaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *hrūtadiz | *hrūtaidiz | *hrūtadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *hrūtamaz | *hrūtaim | — | *hrūtandai | *hrūtaindau |
| 2nd plural | *hrūtid | *hrūtaid | *hrūtid | *hrūtandai | *hrūtaindau |
| 3rd plural | *hrūtandi | *hrūtain | *hrūtandau | *hrūtandai | *hrūtaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *hraut | *hrutį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *hraust | *hrutīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *hraut | *hrutī | |||
| 1st dual | *hrutū | *hrutīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *hrutudiz | *hrutīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *hrutum | *hrutīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *hrutud | *hrutīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *hrutun | *hrutīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *hrūtandz | *hrutanaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hreutan- ~ *hrutan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 246
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xreutanan ~ xrūtanan I”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 186
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xreutanan ~ xrūtanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 186
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