< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haubudą
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From earlier *hafud, from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Cognate with Latin caput.
The original form in Germanic was *habudą, which has been retained in most North Germanic dialects, whereas some North Germanic dialects along with the West Germanic languages and Gothic have forms that go back to *haubudą or *haubidą. The diphthong may be due to metathesis, if one reconstructs the original paradigm nominative *hafuþ ~ genitive *habweþaz.[1][2]
The same root but with an alternate ending also appears in Germanic: *habulô (e.g. Old English hafola (“head”)). The presence of initial *-a- in both *habudą and *habulô remains unexplained.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxɑu̯.βu.ðɑ̃/
Inflection
| neuter a-stemDeclension of *haubudą (neuter a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *haubudą | *haubudō | |
| vocative | *haubudą | *haubudō | |
| accusative | *haubudą | *haubudō | |
| genitive | *haubudas, *haubudis | *haubudǫ̂ | |
| dative | *haubudai | *haubudamaz | |
| instrumental | *haubudō | *haubudamiz | |
Descendants
From *haubudą:
- Proto-West Germanic: *haubud
- Old Norse: haufuð
- Crimean Gothic: hoef
From *haubidą:
- Proto-West Germanic: *haubid (see there for further descendants)
- Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 (haubiþ)
- Crimean Gothic: hoef
From *hafudą or *habudą:
- Old English: *hafud (in hafudland (“headland”)
- Old Norse: hǫfuð
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