< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bruzdijaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbruz.di.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *bruzdijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *bruzdijō | *bruzdijaų | — | *bruzdijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *bruzdīsi | *bruzdijais | *bruzdī | *bruzdijasai | *bruzdijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *bruzdīþi | *bruzdijai | *bruzdijaþau | *bruzdijaþai | *bruzdijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *bruzdijōs | *bruzdijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *bruzdijaþiz | *bruzdijaiþiz | *bruzdijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *bruzdijamaz | *bruzdijaim | — | *bruzdijanþai | *bruzdijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *bruzdīþ | *bruzdijaiþ | *bruzdīþ | *bruzdijanþai | *bruzdijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *bruzdijanþi | *bruzdijain | *bruzdijanþau | *bruzdijanþai | *bruzdijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *bruzdidǭ | *bruzdidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *bruzdidēz | *bruzdidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *bruzdidē | *bruzdidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *bruzdidēdū | *bruzdidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *bruzdidēdudiz | *bruzdidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *bruzdidēdum | *bruzdidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *bruzdidēdud | *bruzdidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *bruzdidēdun | *bruzdidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *bruzdijandz | *bruzdidaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *bruʀdijan
- Old English: bryrdan
- Old High German: *brurten
- ⇒ Old High German: anabrurten
- ⇒ Old High German: entibrurten
- ⇒ Old High German: gientibrurten
- Old Norse: brydda
- Icelandic: brydda
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*bruzđjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 59
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