< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brimmaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem- (“to make noise”). This verb is closely related to *bremaną, the geminate 'm' in the root seems to have arisen due to the influence of the iterative verb *brummōną.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbrim.mɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *brimmaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *brimmō | *brimmaų | — | *brimmai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *brimmizi | *brimmaiz | *brimm | *brimmazai | *brimmaizau |
| 3rd singular | *brimmidi | *brimmai | *brimmadau | *brimmadai | *brimmaidau |
| 1st dual | *brimmōz | *brimmaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *brimmadiz | *brimmaidiz | *brimmadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *brimmamaz | *brimmaim | — | *brimmandai | *brimmaindau |
| 2nd plural | *brimmid | *brimmaid | *brimmid | *brimmandai | *brimmaindau |
| 3rd plural | *brimmandi | *brimmain | *brimmandau | *brimmandai | *brimmaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *bramm | *brummį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *brammt | *brummīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *bramm | *brummī | |||
| 1st dual | *brummū | *brummīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *brummudiz | *brummīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *brummum | *brummīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *brummud | *brummīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *brummun | *brummīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *brimmandz | *brummanaz | |||
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *brimman
- Old Saxon: *brimman
- Middle Low German: brimmen
- Old Dutch: *brimman
- Middle Dutch: brimmen
- Old High German: *brimman
- Middle High German: brimmen
- Old Saxon: *brimman
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*breman- ~ *brimman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*brem(m)anan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
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