-stül

Hungarian

Alternative forms

  • -stől

Etymology

From -st (adverb of manner suffix) + -ül (adverb of manner suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ʃtyl]

Suffix

-stül

  1. (adverb-forming suffix) with, together with, along with. Forms the sociative case (sometimes also referred to as comitative case), although it is not an actual case from a strictly syntactic point of view.

Usage notes

  • (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -stul is added to back-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    ruha (clothes)ruhástul – with his/her/their clothes on
    Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) is added to front-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
    bögre (mug)bögréstül – along with his/her/their mug
    -ostul is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    család (family)családostul – together with his/her/their family
    -astul is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    héj (peel, shell)héjastul – including its peel/shell
    -estül is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    gyerek (child)gyerekestül – along with his/her/their child or children
    -östül is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    öltöny (suit)öltönyöstül – in his/her/their suit

Derived terms

Hungarian adverbs suffixed with -stül

See also

  • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

References

  1. -stül in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
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