風邪

See also: 风邪

Chinese

		wind; news; style wind; news; style; custom; manner	daemonical; iniquitous; nefarious
trad. (風邪)		風	邪
simp. (风邪)		风	邪

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fēngxié

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄥㄒㄧㄝˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fung¹ ce⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûng-sià
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hong-siâ
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹fon-zhia

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fēngxié
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥㄒㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fongsié
  - Wade–Giles: fêng¹-hsieh²
  - Yale: fēng-syé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fengshye
  - Palladius: фэнсе (fɛnse)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fung¹ ce⁴
  - Yale: fūng chèh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fung¹ tse⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fung¹ cé⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûng-sià
  - Hakka Romanization System: fung´ xiaˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fung¹ xia²
  - Sinological IPA: /fuŋ²⁴ si̯a¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-siâ
  - Tâi-lô: hong-siâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongsiaa
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sia²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ sia²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sia¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹fon-zhia
  - MiniDict: fon^平 zhia
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹fon-xxia
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /foŋ⁵⁵ ʑia²¹/

Middle Chinese: pjuwng zjae

Rime
Character	風	邪
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	方戎切	似嗟切
Baxter	pjuwng	zjae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨuŋ/	/zia/
Pan Wuyun	/piuŋ/	/zia/
Shao Rongfen	/piuŋ/	/zia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puwŋ/	/zia/
Li Rong	/piuŋ/	/zia/
Wang Li	/pĭuŋ/	/zĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯uŋ/	/zi̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēng	xié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fung¹	ce⁴

Noun

風邪

(traditional Chinese medicine) pathogenic influence; cold
- 帝嘗幸苑圃離宮，后輒以風邪露霧爲戒。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  帝尝幸苑圃离宫，后辄以风邪露雾为戒。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE
  Dì cháng xìng yuànpǔ lígōng, hòu zhé yǐ fēngxié lù wù wèi jiè. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

風寒／风寒 (fēnghán)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
風	邪
かぜ
Grade: 2	Grade: S
jukujikun

From 風 (kaze, “wind”).[1][2] The kanji is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 風邪／风邪 (fēngxié).

First cited to a text from 984 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かぜ [kàzé] (Heiban – [0])[3][2][4]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ze̞]

Noun

風邪(かぜ) or 風邪(カゼ) • (kaze)

[from 984] (medicine) a cold (illness)
風邪(かぜ)を引(ひ)く
kaze o hiku
to catch a cold
- 1996 February 20 [1988 February 15], Mitsuru Adachi, “テイク・オフ [Take Off]”, in SHORT PROGRAM(ショート・プログラム) [SHORT PROGRAM], 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 102:
  
  ——ああ、おまえがカゼひいた時(とき)一晩(ばん)中(じゅう)看(かん)病(びょう)してくれた、コンビニエンスストアで知(し)り合(あ)った女(じょ)子(し)大(だい)生(せい)。
  ——Ā, omae ga kaze hiita toki hitobanjū kanbyō shite kureta, konbiniensu sutoa de shiriatta joshi daisei.
  ——Ah, that college schoolgirl you met at a convenience store who spent all night nursing you when you caught that cold.

Derived terms

Derived terms

風邪(かぜ)気(ぎ)味(み) (kazegimi): being under the weather, feeling like a cold is starting
風邪(かぜ)薬(ぐすり) (kazegusuri): cold medicine
風邪(かぜ)気(け) (kazeke): being under the weather, feeling like a cold is starting (less common than kazegimi)
風邪(かぜ)声(ごえ) (kazegoe): a hoarse voice, having a frog in one's throat
風邪(かぜ)引(ひ)き (kazehiki): catching a cold; someone who has caught a cold

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
風	邪
ふう Grade: 2	じゃ Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 風邪 (MC pjuwng zjae).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふうじゃ [fúꜜùjà] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
(Tokyo) ふうじゃ [fùújá] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝːʑa̠]

Noun

風(ふう)邪(じゃ) • (fūja)

(medicine) a cold (illness)

References

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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