顧念

Chinese

		look after; take into consideration; to attend to	to miss; to think of; to read to miss; to think of; to read; to study (a subject); to attend (a school); to read aloud; idea; remembrance; twenty
trad. (顧念)		顧	念
simp. (顾念)		顾	念

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gùniàn

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˋ ㄋㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gu³ nim⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ku-ngiam
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kò͘-liām

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gùniàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ ㄋㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gùniàn
  - Wade–Giles: ku⁴-nien⁴
  - Yale: gù-nyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guhniann
  - Palladius: гунянь (gunjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gu³ nim⁶
  - Yale: gu nihm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gu³ nim⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gu³ nim⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³³ niːm²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ku-ngiam
  - Hakka Romanization System: gu ngiam
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gu⁴ ngiam⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ku⁵⁵ ŋi̯am⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘-liām
  - Tâi-lô: kòo-liām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: korliam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ liam²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liam⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ liam²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ liam³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ liam³³/

Verb

顧念

to worry about; to care for

Synonyms

心念 (Hokkien)
念 (niàn) (literary, or in compounds)
惦念 (diànniàn)
惦記／惦记 (diànjì)
懸／悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
懸念／悬念 (xuánniàn) (formal)
懸想／悬想 (xuánxiǎng)
掛念／挂念 (guàniàn)
掛意／挂意 (guàyì)
掛記／挂记 (Nanchang Gan, Yudu Hakka)
數念／数念 (siàu-liām) (Hokkien)
牽掛／牵挂 (qiānguà)
眷顧／眷顾 (juàngù) (formal)
記掛／记挂 (jìguà) (dialectal)

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