適者生存

See also: 适者生存

Chinese
to fit; to suit ‑ist, ‑er (person); person (who does sth)
 
to live; to exist; to subsist
to live; to exist; to subsist; to survive
trad. (適者生存) 適 者 生存
simp. (适者生存) 适 者 生存

Pronunciation

Phrase

適者生存

  1. survival of the fittest

Japanese
Kanji in this term
適 者 生 存
てき
Grade: 5		 しゃ
Grade: 3		 せい
Grade: 1		 ぞん
Grade: 6
kan’yōon on’yomi kan’on goon
Alternative spelling
適者生存 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Compound of 適(てき)者(しゃ) (tekisha, “adapted one”) + 生(せい)存(ぞん) (seizon, “survives”).

Coined by Japanese biologist and zoologist Ishikawa Chiyomatsu in 1883 in his work 動物進化論 (Dōbutsu Shinkaron) as a translation of English survival of the fittest.[1][2]

In addition, it was translated as 適(てき)種(しゅ)生(せい)存(ぞん) (tekishu seizon) in the 1881 work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Philosophy Dictionary”) compiled by Inoue Tetsujirō.[1][3]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) て​きしゃせーぞん [téꜜkìshà sèèzòǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][5]
  • IPA(key): [te̞kʲi̥ɕa̠ se̞ːzõ̞ɴ]

Noun

適(てき)者(しゃ)生(せい)存(ぞん) • (tekisha seizon) 

  1. the survival of the fittest

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. “適者生存”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. Inoue, Tetsujirō (1881) 哲学字彙 [Dictionary of Philosophy]‎, University of Tokyo, page 88
  4. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
適者生存

Noun

適者生存 • (jeokjasaengjon) (hangeul 적자생존)

  1. Hanja form? of 적자생존.
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