脾

脾 U+813E, 脾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-813E
← 脽
[U+813D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 脿 →
[U+813F]
脾 U+2F985, 脾
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F985
← 䐋
[U+2F984] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 媵 →
[U+2F986]

Translingual

Han character

脾 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月竹田十 (BHWJ), four-corner 76240, composition ⿰月卑)

References

Chinese
trad. 脾
simp. # 脾

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (卑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
捭 *preːʔ
牌 *breː, *breː
郫 *breː, *bre, *be
蠯 *breː, *be, *breːŋʔ
猈 *breːʔ, *breː
稗 *breːs
粺 *breːs
𥱼 *breː
豍 *peː
箄 *peː, *pe, *peʔ
錍 *pʰeː, *pe
睥 *pʰeːs
渒 *pʰeːs, *pe
鼙 *beː
鞞 *beː, *pe, *peʔ, *peːŋʔ
椑 *beː, *pe, *beɡ, *beːɡ
崥 *beː, *peʔ
髀 *beːʔ, *peʔ, *piʔ
卑 *pe
鵯 *pe, *pʰiɡ
裨 *pe, *be
痺 *pe
碑 *pre
婢 *peʔ, *beʔ
諀 *pʰeʔ
脾 *be
埤 *be
陴 *be
蜱 *be, *mbew
焷 *be
螷 *be, *breːŋʔ
庳 *beʔ
琕 *biːŋ
萆 *beɡ, *slɯʔ
綼 *biɡ, *peːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *be) : semantic ⺼ (“organ”) + phonetic 卑 (OC *pe).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-paj (“spleen”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • pì - organ;
  • phì - “temperament”.
Rime
Character 脾
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符支切
Baxter bjie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /biᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biɛ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /biə̆/
Li
Rong		 /bie/
Wang
Li		 /bǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 pí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 pei4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 脾
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 pí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjie ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-[p]e/
English spleen

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 脾
Reading # 1/1
No. 385
Phonetic
component		 卑
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 陴
Old
Chinese		 /*be/

Definitions

脾

  1. (～臟) (traditional Chinese medicine) a functionally defined organ of the digestive system, corresponding largely to the anatomical organ of the pancreas
  2. (～臟) (Western medicine, anatomy) spleen
  3. (figurative) disposition; liking; temperament

Compounds

References

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 脾 – see 髀 (“thigh; thighbone”).
(This character is a variant form of 髀).

Japanese

Kanji
脾

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings
  • Go-on: び (bi)
  • Kan-on: ひ (hi)
  • Kun: ひぞう (hizō, 脾); もも (momo, 脾); とまる (tomaru)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [jokoɕi]

Noun

脾(よこし) • (yokoshi) 

  1. (anatomy) spleen
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 35:
      脾 白虎通云 脾 俾移反 與古之 [...] 土之精也 色黄 [...] 土藏也 [...]
      脾 白虎通云 脾 俾移反 與古之 [...] 土之精也 色黄 [...] 土藏也 [...]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

References

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 脾 (MC bjie). Recorded as Middle Korean 비 (pi) (Yale: pi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 脾 (eumhun 지라 비 (jira bi))

  1. Hanja form? of 비 (“spleen”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

脾: Hán Nôm readings: tì, tỳ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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