疆

疆	U+7586, 疆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7586

← 疅
[U+7585]

CJK Unified Ideographs

疇 →
[U+7587]

Translingual

Han character

疆 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓土一田一 (NGMWM), four-corner 1111₆, composition ⿰⿹弓土畺)

Derived characters

𧅁

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 766, character 33

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21961

Dae Jaweon: page 1177, character 5

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2554, character 5

Unihan data for U+7586

Chinese

simp. and trad.		疆
2nd round simp.		畺
alternative forms		畕壃疅 ⿰弓𱰥 2nd round simp. (1981)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (畺) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
畺	*kaŋ
畕	*kaŋ
礓	*kaŋ
繮	*kaŋ
韁	*kaŋ
橿	*kaŋ
薑	*kaŋ
疆	*kaŋ
壃	*kaŋ
僵	*kaŋ
彊	kaŋs, ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ
麠	*kaŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaŋ) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 彊 (OC *kaŋs, *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ).

Etymology

Variant or allofam of 境 (OC *kraŋʔ, “boundary”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāng (jiang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): goeng¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kiong / kiang

(Teochew, Peng'im): giang¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiang
  - Wade–Giles: chiang¹
  - Yale: jyāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiang
  - Palladius: цзян (czjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: goeng¹
  - Yale: gēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: goeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœːŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
  - Tâi-lô: kiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan, Hsinchu, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiang
  - Tâi-lô: kiang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiafng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: giang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiaŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: kjang

Rime
Character	疆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居良切
Baxter	kjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/kiaŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	goeng¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	疆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiāng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjang ›
Old Chinese	/*kaŋ/
English	boundary
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	疆
Reading #	1/1
No.	6261
Phonetic component	畺
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	薑
Old Chinese	/*kaŋ/
Notes	同畺

Definitions

疆

boundary; border; frontier
territory
limit; bound
(Hsinchu and Magong Hokkien) very big bowl
Short for 新疆 (Xīnjiāng).
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 海碗 (“extra-big bowl”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		海碗
Mandarin	Taiwan	碗公
	Harbin	海碗, 大海碗
	Yantai (Muping)	海碗
	Jinan	海碗, 大海碗
	Luoyang	海碗
	Wanrong	海碗
	Xi'an	老碗
	Yinchuan	老碗
	Lanzhou	海碗
	Xining	海碗
	Ürümqi	海碗
	Wuhan	海碗
	Chengdu	斗碗兒, 斗碗
	Guiyang	海碗
	Kunming	海碗
	Liuzhou	湯碗, 品碗
	Xuzhou	海碗兒, 海碗
	Yangzhou	大頭碗, 海碗
Cantonese	Hong Kong	湯碗
Cantonese	Dongguan	湯碗
Gan	Pingxiang	海碗
Hakka	Meixian	海碗
	Xingning	碗公
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	碗公
	Huidong (Daling)	碗公
	Boluo (Bendihua)	碗公
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	大斗碗公
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	碗公
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	碗公
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	斗公
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	碗公
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	大碗公
	Jiexi	碗公
	Changting	碗頭
	Wuping	碗頭
	Wuping (Pingyu)	碗公
	Liancheng	碗頭
	Ruijin	餚碗, 品碗
	Shicheng	湯碗
	Shangyou (Shexi)	品碗
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	大碗公
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	碗公
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	碗公
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	碗公
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	碗公
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	碗公
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	碗公
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	碗公
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	碗公
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	碗公
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	碗公
Huizhou	Jixi	海碗
Jin	Xinzhou	鉢碗
Northern Min	Jian'ou	海碗, 碗頭嫲
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	海碗, 缸母, 缸婆, 缸
Southern Min	Xiamen	大水碗, 水碗, 碗疆, 碗公
	Quanzhou	大海碗
	Zhangzhou	碗疆, 八寶疆, 八寶碗, 八股疆, 八股碗, 八角疆
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	戇疆
	Zhangpu	碗疆
	Taipei	碗公
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	碗公
	Kaohsiung	碗公
	Yilan	碗公
	Changhua (Lukang)	碗公, 碗疆
	Taichung	碗公
	Tainan	碗公
	Hsinchu	疆, 碗公
	Kinmen	碗疆
	Penghu (Magong)	疆, 碗疆
	Singapore (Hokkien)	碗公, 碗疆
	Manila (Hokkien)	大碗
	Jieyang	碗公
	Leizhou	公碗
	Haikou	海碗
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	海碗
Wu	Shanghai	海碗
	Shanghai (Chongming)	海大碗
	Suzhou	海碗
	Danyang	海碗
	Hangzhou	海碗, 大海碗, 湯碗
	Ningbo	五海大碗, 彌海碗, 海子碗
	Wenzhou	大匋
	Jinhua	海碗
Xiang	Changsha	海碗
Xiang	Loudi	海碗

Compounds

列土分疆
列土封疆
回疆 (Huíjiāng)
封疆 (fēngjiāng)
拓土開疆／拓土开疆
捐軀疆場／捐躯疆场
新疆 (Xīnjiāng)
新疆回變／新疆回变
海疆
無疆／无疆 (wújiāng)
無疆之休／无疆之休
疆吏
疆土 (jiāngtǔ)
疆埸 (jiāngyì)
疆域 (jiāngyù)
疆場／疆场 (jiāngchǎng)
疆宇
疆徼
疆理 (jiānglǐ)
疆界 (jiāngjiè)
疆臣
福壽無疆／福寿无疆 (fúshòuwújiāng)
萬壽無疆／万寿无疆 (wànshòuwújiāng)
苗疆 (Miáojiāng)
邊疆／边疆 (biānjiāng)
邊疆民族／边疆民族
邊疆舞／边疆舞
開疆／开疆 (kāijiāng)
阿塞拜疆 (Āsàibàijiāng)

Japanese

Kanji

疆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

boundary

Readings

Go-on: こう (kō)
Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
Kun: さかい (sakai, 疆)
Nanori: つよし (tsuyoshi)

Korean

Hanja

疆 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

疆: Hán Nôm readings: cưng, câng, cương

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