町
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Stroke order (Japan) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
Han character
町 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田一弓 (WMN), four-corner 61020, composition ⿰田丁)
Derived characters
- 𬏈, 𤨀
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 759, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21735
- Dae Jaweon: page 1169, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2528, character 5
- Unihan data for U+753A
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
町 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 圢 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 町 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
 |
Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ) : semantic 田 (“field”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ)
Pronunciation 1
Compounds
- 町畦
- 町畽
Pronunciation 2
Spelling pronunciation, as 丁 (dīng).
Definitions
町
- a local administrative unit in Japan (see below)
- character used in placenames
Pronunciation 3
Pronunciation 4
Definitions
町
- Only used in 町疃.
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 町 |
| まち Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 街 |
From Old Japanese, with the original meaning of "plot of land";[1] in turn, likely borrowed from Proto-Koreanic *mati, hence related with Middle Korean 맡 (math, “field”).[2]
All Japanese etymological theories base the etymology on the meaning of "town; section of a castle town", typically using 道 (chi, michi, “road”),[3] but a Korean borrowing is more plausible given the earlier semantics in Old Japanese.
Noun
町 • (machi)
- a town, a city
- a section of a palace or residence
- a section of buildings
- under the Jōbō system, a section of a castle town
- chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m)
- chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
- a section of where someone lives
- a market
- a section of a town or city
- a fortune-telling line or shape carved or drawn on the shell or bones of turtles or deer
- grade, quality
- townspeople
- the exterior of a red-light district
- the interior of a red-light district
- tax
- a subdivision making up a city
- the local government
- (obsolete) a plot (of land)
- (obsolete) a measure (of land)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 町 |
| ちょう Grade: 1 |
| goon |
References
- Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 680
- Vovin, Alexander (2010) Koreo-Japonica: A Re-Evaluation of a Common Genetic Origin, University of Hawai’i Press, →ISBN, →JSTOR, page 192
- “まち 【町・街・坊】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)
(in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.) - Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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