浩瀚

Chinese

		grand; vast (water)	ocean; vastness
simp. and trad. (浩瀚)		浩	瀚
alternative forms		浩汗浩涆澔汗滈汗灝瀚／灏瀚浩汗浩涆澔汗滈汗灝瀚／灏瀚澔涆

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hàohàn

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄠˋ ㄏㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hou⁶ hon⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hō-hān / hōⁿ-hān

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hàohàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄠˋ ㄏㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hàohàn
  - Wade–Giles: hao⁴-han⁴
  - Yale: hàu-hàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hawhann
  - Palladius: хаохань (xaoxanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xän⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    浩瀚
    浩汗
    浩涆
    晧旰
    皓旰
    㵆旰
    滈汗
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hou⁶ hon⁶
  - Yale: houh hohn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hou⁶ hon⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: hou⁶ hon⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hou̯²² hɔːn²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō-hān
  - Tâi-lô: hō-hān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoixhan
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ho²²⁻²¹ han²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōⁿ-hān
  - Tâi-lô: hōnn-hān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hvoxhan
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² han⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: hawX hanH

Rime
Character	浩	瀚
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	胡老切	侯旰切
Baxter	hawX	hanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑu^X/	/ɦɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑu^X/	/ɦɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑu^X/	/ɣɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaw^X/	/ɦan^H/
Li Rong	/ɣɑu^X/	/ɣɑn^H/
Wang Li	/ɣɑu^X/	/ɣɑn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑu^X/	/ɣɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hào	hàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hou⁶	hon⁶

Adjective

浩瀚

vast; boundless; shoreless
- 在浩瀚無垠的沙漠裡，有一片美麗的綠洲，綠洲裡藏著一顆閃光的珍珠。這顆珍珠就是敦煌莫高窟。 [MSC, trad.]
  在浩瀚无垠的沙漠里，有一片美丽的绿洲，绿洲里藏着一颗闪光的珍珠。这颗珍珠就是敦煌莫高窟。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2010, 普通话培训测试指要 p. 217
  Zài hàohàn wúyín de shāmò lǐ, yǒu yī piàn měilì de lǜzhōu, lǜzhōu lǐ cángzhe yī kē shǎnguāng de zhēnzhū. Zhè kē zhēnzhū jiùshì Dūnhuáng Mògāokū. [Pinyin]
  In the boundless desert, there is a beautiful oasis, and in this oasis is hidden a shining pearl. This pearl is the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang.
vast; many and varied

Synonyms

(many and varied):

一系列 (yīxìliè)
不少 (bùshǎo)
不老少 (bùlǎoshǎo) (colloquial)
儦儦 (biāobiāo) (literary)
千千 (qiānqiān) (literary)
千百 (qiānbǎi) (literary)
好些 (hǎoxiē)
好多 (hǎoduō)
孔多 (kǒngduō) (literary)
幾多／几多 (gei² do¹) (Cantonese)
廣／广 (literary, or in compounds)
廣大／广大 (guǎngdà) (of people)
延延 (yányán) (literary)
很多 (hěnduō)
𣍐少／𫧃少 (Hokkien)
浩繁 (hàofán)
百
眾多／众多 (zhòngduō)
繁多 (fánduō)
萌生 (méngshēng) (literary)
許多／许多 (xǔduō)
諸多／诸多 (zhūduō)
颮颮／飑飑 (literary)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (浩瀚):

→ Japanese: 浩瀚(こうかん) (kōkan)
→ Korean: 호한(浩瀚) (hohan)
→ Vietnamese: hạo hãn (浩瀚)

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