destroy; spoil; ruin destroy; spoil; ruin; injure; cruel; oppressive; savage; incomplete; disabled |
lack; scarce; vacant post lack; scarce; vacant post; to run short of | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (殘缺) | 殘 | 缺 | |
| simp. (残缺) | 残 | 缺 | |
| alternative forms | 殘闕／残阙 | ||
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 殘 | 缺 | 缺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 溪 (29) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 先 (88) | 仙 (82) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 昨干切 | 苦穴切 | 傾雪切 |
| Baxter | dzan | khwet | khjwiet |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/d͡zɑn/ | /kʰwet̚/ | /kʰiuᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/d͡zɑn/ | /kʰʷet̚/ | /kʰʷiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/d͡zɑn/ | /kʰuɛt̚/ | /kʰjuæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/d͡zan/ | /kʰwɛt̚/ | /kʰwiat̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/d͡zɑn/ | /kʰuet̚/ | /kʰiuɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/d͡zɑn/ | /kʰiwet̚/ | /kʰĭuɛt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/d͡zʱɑn/ | /kʰiwet̚/ | /kʰi̯wɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
cán | que | que |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
caan4 | hyut3 | hyut3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 殘 | 缺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
cán | quē |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ dzan › | ‹ khwet › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[dz]ˁa[n]/ | /*Nə-[k]ʷʰˁet/ |
| English | damage; hurt; cruel | break; defective |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 殘 | 缺 | 缺 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5978 | 4412 | 4430 |
| Phonetic component |
戔 | 夬 | 夬 |
| Rime group |
元 | 月 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
殘 | 缺 | 闋 |
| Old Chinese |
/*zlaːn/ | /*kʰʷed/ | /*kʰʷeːd/ |