檳榔

Described in Qimin Yaoshu [544 CE] and Taiping Yulan [983 CE].

Borrowed from a Southern language, possibly a Mon-Khmer or Austronesian language. Compare Northern Khmer นาดพลฺืง (“a kind of betel leaf bush”), Thavung พะเล้อฺ (“betel”); Proto-Vietic *p-naːŋ; Eastern Katu panang; Malay pinang; Acehnese pineung, Tsat naːŋ³³ (< Proto-Chamic *pinaːŋ (“betel nut”)), as well as Proto-Mon-Khmer *ml[əw] (“betel”), whence Khmer ម្លូ (mluu), Northern Khmer มลู, Vietnamese trầu (< Proto-Vietic *b-luː), Thai พลู (pluu) and perhaps Chinese 扶留 (OC *pa/ba m·ru/m·rus, “a leaf chewed together with betel nut”).

檳榔

1. betel palm
2. betel nut; areca nut (Classifier: 顆／颗 m; 粒 c mn)

• (Hokkien) 菁仔, 菁仔子, 栳箬子, 老枳

• (Min Nan) “Entry #12549”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

檳榔 (binrō): the Areca catechu, the areca or betel palm.

From Chinese 檳榔／槟榔 (bīngláng), itself from Malay pinang.

• (Tokyo) びんろー [bìńróó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [bʲĩnɾo̞ː]

檳(びん)榔(ろう) or 檳榔(ビンロウ) • (binrō) ^{←びんらう (binrau)?}

1. Areca catechu, the areca or betel palm

As with many terms in biology, this term is often spelled in katakana.

• 檳榔子(びんろうじ) (binrōji): areca nut, betel nut

檳榔 (birō): the Chinese fan palm.

Unknown. From Chinese, but the use of this term as an alternative spelling is of uncertain derivation.

• (Tokyo) びろー [bìróó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• (Tokyo) び​ろー [bíꜜròò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [bʲiɾo̞ː]

檳(び)榔(ろう) or 檳榔(ビロウ) • (birō) ^{←びらう (birau)?}

1. alternative spelling of 蒲葵 (birō): Livistona chinensis (Chinese fan palm)

As with many terms in biology, this term is often spelled in katakana.