梅雨
Chinese
| fruit of Prunus mume | rain | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (梅雨) | 梅 | 雨 | |
| simp. #(梅雨) | 梅 | 雨 | |
| alternative forms | 霉雨 | ||
| Literally: “plum rain”. | |||
Etymology
Refers to the season when fruits of Prunus mume ripen.
Pronunciation
Noun
梅雨
- Meiyu (the East Asian rainy season)
- 梅雨，溪流漲盛，先生扶病往觀。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Various editors. c. 13th century. A Collection of Conversations of Master Zhu (《朱子語類》)
- Méiyǔ, xīliú zhǎng shèng, xiānshēng fúbìng wǎng guān. [Pinyin]
- It was the summer rainy season; streams were overflowing. Master Zhu, despite illness, went out to watch the flood.
梅雨，溪流涨盛，先生扶病往观。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- rain that falls during the Meiyu season; summer rain
Descendants
See also
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 梅 | 雨 |
| つゆ | |
| Grade: 4 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 梅雨 (kyūjitai) 黴雨 |
First attested in the mid-Muromachi period.[1]
Derivation unclear, likely theories include:
- May be cognate with 露 (tsuyu, “dew, dewdrop”), from the way the rainy season causes everything to be covered in drops that may look like dew. However, the pitch accent differs, as 露 (tsuyu) has either an 頭高型 (atamadaka-gata) or 尾高型 (odaka-gata) pattern, while 梅雨 (tsuyu) has a 平板型 (heiban-gata) pattern.
- Alternatively, may be cognate with classical verb 熟ゆ (tsuyu, modern 熟える (tsueru), “to become ripe”), as plums ripen during the rainy season. In light of the pitch accent and semantics, this derivation appears more likely.
Noun
梅雨 • (tsuyu)
- the East Asian rainy season (from early June to early/mid-July)
- Synonym: 五月雨 (samidare)
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 梅雨上がり (tsuyuagari)
- 梅雨明け (tsuyuake)
- 梅雨入り (tsuyuiri)
- 梅雨型 (tsuyugata)
- 梅雨曇り (tsuyugumori)
- 梅雨寒 (tsuyuzamu)
- 梅雨空 (tsuyuzora)
- 梅雨茸 (tsuyutake)
- 梅雨時 (tsuyudoki)
- 梅雨の入り (tsuyu no iri)
- 梅雨の戻り (tsuyu no modori)
- 梅雨晴れ (tsuyubare)
- 梅雨冷え (tsuyubie)
- 蝦夷梅雨 (Ezo tsuyu)
- 送り梅雨 (okurizuyu)
- 返り梅雨 (kaerizuyu)
- 空梅雨 (karatsuyu)
- 黄梅雨 (kitsuyu)
- 筍梅雨 (takenoko-zuyu)
- 照り梅雨 (teritsuyu)
- 菜種梅雨 (natanezuyu)
- 残り梅雨 (nokorizuyu)
- 戻り梅雨 (modorizuyu)
Idioms
- 梅雨の中休み (tsuyu no nakayasumi)
- 梅雨の走り (tsuyu no hashiri), 走り梅雨 (hashirizuyu)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 梅 | 雨 |
| ばい Grade: 4 |
う Grade: 1 |
| kan’on | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 梅雨 (kyūjitai) 黴雨 |
From Middle Chinese compound 梅雨 (MC mwoj hjuX), in poetic reference to the season when plums grow or ripen.[1][3]
Alternatively, the 黴雨 spelling may have been the original spelling. This is homophonous in Middle Chinese, and literally means “mold + rain”, in reference to how moldy things get during this season of constant humidity.[1][3][4]
Noun
梅雨 • (baiu)
- the East Asian rainy season (from early June to early/mid-July)
- Synonym: 五月雨 (samidare)
Derived terms
- 梅雨前線 (baiu zensen)
- 梅雨末期豪雨 (baiu makki gōu)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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