to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct |
regret | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (改悔) |
改 | 悔 | |
| anagram | 悔改 | ||
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 改 | 悔 | 悔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 灰 (42) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I | I |
| Fanqie | 古亥切 | 呼罪切 | 荒内切 |
| Baxter | kojX | xwojX | xwojH |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʌiX/ | /huʌiX/ | /huʌiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kəiX/ | /huoiX/ | /huoiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kɒiX/ | /xuɒiX/ | /xuɒiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kəjX/ | /hwəjX/ | /hwəjH/ |
| Li Rong |
/kᴀiX/ | /xuᴀiX/ | /xuᴀiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/kɒiX/ | /xuɒiX/ | /xuɒiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kɑ̆iX/ | /xuɑ̆iX/ | /xuɑ̆iH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gǎi | huǐ | huì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
goi2 | fui2 | fui3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 改 | 悔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gǎi | huǐ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kojX › | ‹ xwojX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.qˁəʔ/ | /*m̥ˁəʔ/ |
| English | change (v.) | regret, repent |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 改 | 悔 | 悔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5763 | 9318 | 9319 |
| Phonetic component |
己 | 母 | 母 |
| Rime group |
之 | 之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
改 | 賄 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*klɯːʔ/ | /*hmɯːʔ/ | /*hmɯːs/ |