損じる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 損 |
| そん Grade: 5 |
| on’yomi |
Etymology
Shift from verb 損ずる (sonzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Pronunciation
Verb
損じる • (sonjiru) ←そんじる (sonziru)?ichidan (stem 損じ (sonji), past 損じた (sonjita))
- Alternative form of 損ずる (sonzuru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "損じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 損じ | そんじ | sonji | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 損じ | そんじ | sonji | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 損じる | そんじる | sonjiru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 損じる | そんじる | sonjiru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 損じれ | そんじれ | sonjire | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 損じよ¹ 損じろ² |
そんじよ¹ そんじろ² |
sonjiyo¹ sonjiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 損じられる | そんじられる | sonjirareru | |
| Causative | 損じさせる 損じさす |
そんじさせる そんじさす |
sonjisaseru sonjisasu | |
| Potential | 損じられる 損じれる³ |
そんじられる そんじれる³ |
sonjirareru sonjireru³ | |
| Volitional | 損じよう | そんじよう | sonjiyō | |
| Negative | 損じない 損じぬ 損じん |
そんじない そんじぬ そんじん |
sonjinai sonjinu sonjin | |
| Negative continuative | 損じず | そんじず | sonjizu | |
| Formal | 損じます | そんじます | sonjimasu | |
| Perfective | 損じた | そんじた | sonjita | |
| Conjunctive | 損じて | そんじて | sonjite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 損じれば | そんじれば | sonjireba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Suffix
損じる • (-sonjiru) ←そんじる (sonziru)?godan (stem 損じり (-sonjiri), past 損じった (-sonjitta))
- Alternative form of 損ずる (sonzuru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "損じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 損じら | そんじら | sonjira |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 損じり | そんじり | sonjiri |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 損じる | そんじる | sonjiru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 損じる | そんじる | sonjiru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 損じれ | そんじれ | sonjire |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 損じれ | そんじれ | sonjire |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 損じられる | そんじられる | sonjirareru |
| Causative | 損じらせる 損じらす |
そんじらせる そんじらす |
sonjiraseru sonjirasu |
| Potential | 損じれる | そんじれる | sonjireru |
| Volitional | 損じろう | そんじろう | sonjirō |
| Negative | 損じらない | そんじらない | sonjiranai |
| Negative continuative | 損じらず | そんじらず | sonjirazu |
| Formal | 損じります | そんじります | sonjirimasu |
| Perfective | 損じった | そんじった | sonjitta |
| Conjunctive | 損じって | そんじって | sonjitte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 損じれば | そんじれば | sonjireba |
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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