慷慨

Chinese
generous; magnanimous generous; sad
trad. (慷慨) 慷 慨
simp. #(慷慨) 慷 慨
alternative forms 忼慨
anagram 慨慷

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 慷 慨
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 唐 (101) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 苦朗切 苦蓋切
Baxter khangX khojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰɑŋX/ /kʰʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰɑŋX/ /kʰəiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰɑŋX/ /kʰɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰaŋX/ /kʰəjH/
Li
Rong		 /kʰɑŋX/ /kʰᴀiH/
Wang
Li		 /kʰɑŋX/ /kʰɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰɑŋX/ /kʰɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 kǎng kài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hong2 hoi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 慨
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khojH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[kʰ]ˁə[t]-s/
English disappointed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 慷 慨
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 3987 5814
Phonetic
component		 庚 旡
Rime
group		 陽 隊
Rime
subdivision		 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 慷 磕
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰlaːŋʔ/ /*kʰɯːds/

Adjective

慷慨

  1. impassioned; vehement; fervent
    自古燕趙多慷慨悲歌之士。 [MSC, trad.]
    自古燕赵多慷慨悲歌之士。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zìgǔ Yànzhào duō kāngkǎi bēigē zhī shì. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  2. forthright; expansive; frank and straightforward
  3. generous; beneficent

Synonyms
  • (impassioned):
  • (forthright):

Derived terms
  • 悲歌慷慨
  • 慷他人之慨 (kāng tārén zhī kǎi)
  • 慷慨仗義／慷慨仗义
  • 慷慨就義／慷慨就义 (kāngkǎijiùyì)
  • 慷慨悲歌
  • 慷慨捐生
  • 慷慨擔承／慷慨担承
  • 慷慨淋漓
  • 慷慨激揚／慷慨激扬
  • 慷慨激昂 (kāngkǎijī'áng)
  • 慷慨激烈
  • 慷慨解囊 (kāngkǎijiěnáng)
  • 慷慨赴義／慷慨赴义
  • 慷慨輸將／慷慨输将
  • 慷慨陳詞／慷慨陈词
  • 激昂慷慨

Verb

慷慨

  1. (Classical) to sigh (with regret); to lament; to exclaim

Synonyms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (慷慨):
  • → Japanese: 慷慨(こうがい) (kōgai)
  • → Korean: 강개(慷慨) (ganggae)
  • → Vietnamese: khảng khái (慷慨)

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
慷慨

Adjective

慷慨

  1. chữ Hán form of khảng khái, khẳng khái (“chivalrous”).
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